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KOL-patienters nutrition och sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsåtgärder: en litteraturöversikt
Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Caring Science/Nursing.
Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Caring Science/Nursing.
2019 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
COPD-patients experienced problems with nutrition and the nursing care – : a literature review (English)
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Malnutrition är vanligt hos patienter med kroniskt obstruktiv lungsjukdom (KOL). Malnutrition hos patienter med KOL kan orsaka nedsatt immunförsvar, ökad dyspné, minskad livskvalité samt att KOL-sjukdomen riskerar att öka i allvarlighetsgrad samt ha ett snabbare sjukdomsförlopp. År 2030 bedöms KOL vara den tredje vanligaste sjukdomen i världen. Därför är det viktigt som sjuksköterska att ha kunskap i vilka omvårdnadsåtgärder som kan användas vid malnutrition hos KOL-patienter.

Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att sammanställa KOL-patienters upplevda problem vid nutrition samt vilka omvårdnadsåtgärder sjuksköterskan kan vidta vid malnutrition.

Metod: Litteraturöversikt baserad på 15 vetenskapliga artiklar.

Resultat: Det fanns många olika problem som KOL-patienter upplevde i samband med nutrition. Dessa faktorer kunde vara både fysiska och psykiska. Sjuksköterskan kunde som omvårdnadsåtgärd upprätta kontakt med dietist för individuella råd och åtgärder till patienten. Som sjuksköterska var den stödjande samt kunskapsförmedlande rollen viktig, likväl att ge egenvårdsråd utifrån patientens önskemål samt förutsättningar.

Slutsats: Den problematik som KOL-patienter upplevde i relation till nutrition var individuell. Nutrition hos KOL-patienter var ett komplext område då det innefattade både fysiska och psykiska bekymmer. Det är viktigt att sjuksköterskan arbetar personcentrerat vid vård av KOL-patienter då patienterna upplever olika problemområden i samband med nutrition, detta för att ge en god och säker vård.

Abstract [en]

Background: Malnutrition is common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Malnutrition in patients with COPD can cause impaired immune system, increased dyspnoea, decreased quality of life, and the COPD risk being increased in severity as well as having a faster disease course. In 2030, COPD is estimated to be the third most common disease in the world. Therefore, it is important as a nurse to have knowledge of which nurse care can be used in malnutrition in COPD patients.

Aim: The aim of this literature review was to compile COPD patients' perceived problems with nutrition and what nurse care the nurse can take in malnutrition.

Method: A literature review based on 15 scientific articles.

Results: There were problems that occur for COPD patients that were caused according to their nutrition. These conditions could be both physical and psychological. The nurse could seek advice from a dietician to be informed of the best solution regarding nutritional needs of the patient. As a nurse it was important to pass on knowledge and give support to the patient whilst also advising on selfcare according to the patient's current condition and preferences.

Conclusion: The variety of nutritional problems COPD patients face were highly individual and are therefore a complex subject as the effects are both physical and psychological. In general, the nurse should work closely with the patient as there can be nutrition related problems and in doing so, ensures appropriate and safe care.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2019.
Keywords [en]
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, literature review, malnutrition, nurse care.
Keywords [sv]
KOL, kroniskt obstruktiv lungsjukdom, litteraturöversikt, malnutrition, omvårdnadsåtgärder.
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:du-30232OAI: oai:DiVA.org:du-30232DiVA, id: diva2:1324706
Available from: 2019-06-14 Created: 2019-06-14

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