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The impact of built form on the urban microclimate at the scale of city blocks
2014 (English)Conference paper, Poster (with or without abstract) (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Following the first oil crisis, Philip Steadman concluded that as a result of the twentieth-century developments in architecture "the means for environmental control within and around buildings, which was formerly achieved through effects of mutual shading, enclosure and wind protection, [were] lost" (Steadman 1975). Nevertheless, subsequent building regulations further strengthened the already prevailing design emphasis on single buildings by introducing energy measures that largely disregarded the effects of the surrounding environment [of the local climate]. While in countries with mild to moderate climates wintertime energy conservation became the primary preoccupation, climate model projections indicate rising temperatures and prolonged heat waves in these parts of the world. As a consequence, architects and planners increasingly find themselves ill equipped to address the challenges of climate change.The aim of this paper is to assess the microclimate performance of built form at the scale of city blocks. The study takes four metropolitan urban block typologies from Budapest as models. The purpose of this analysis is to obtain basic understanding regarding the interaction between built forms and microclimates in general, and to gain knowledge regarding the microclimatic behavior of these existing typologies in particular. The understanding of the performance of these forms is necessary both for developing climate- sensitive design principles and for proposing effective climate mitigation strategies.The comparative numerical simulation study utilizes ENVI-met and MATLAB. The models are compared on the basis of diurnal air temperature, mean radiant temperature and Predicted Mean Vote cycles. The analysis found mean radiant temperature a good indicator of the built form's influence on the canopy layer thermal environment. It is sensitive to directionalities in the model and signals problematic periods and places with high surface and air temperatures. Consequently, mean radian temperature that governs outdoor thermal comfort on warm and hot days is also useful to analyzing and understanding the effects of mutual shading.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2014.
National Category
Climate Research
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:du-25447OAI: oai:DiVA.org:du-25447DiVA, id: diva2:1118710
Conference
94th Annual Meeting of the American Meteorological Society (AMS) jointly with the 11th Symposium on the Urban Environment, Atlanta, GA
Available from: 2017-07-01 Created: 2017-07-01 Last updated: 2017-07-06Bibliographically approved

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https://ams.confex.com/ams/94Annual/webprogram/Paper236436.html

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Gál, Csilla V
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CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • chicago-author-date
  • chicago-note-bibliography
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf