This monograph attempts to provide a conceptualization of Egypt's current predicaments by process-tracing historical critical junctures and sequences of causal mechanisms that contributed to bringing about the January 2011 events. Focusing on the period between the 1952 Revolution led by Gamal Abdel Nasser, until the events of 2011, it traces the developments and changing political and strategic trajectories of the three presidents Nasser, Sadat and Mubarak. The case of Egypt is examined here as ‘an instance of a class of events’ focusing on phenomena related to the tracing of causal factors and mechanisms leading to a particular outcome in January 25, 2011. It further links the uprising to that country’s 1979 'Peace Treaty' with Israel. This treaty de-securitized the latter, allowing it significant regional freedom of action, and had a causal effect on challenging Egypt's identity motivated action, contributing in the process to undermining its identity structure. An increasing awareness among many Egyptians of the link between the treaty and their identity formation, is one of the main reasons for summoning the legacy of Nasser as a source of 'ontological security'.