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Patienter med typ 2-diabetes upplevelser och erfarenheter av hinder och stöd vid livsstilsförändringar: En kvalitativ intervjustudie
Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare, Caring Science/Nursing.
Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare, Caring Science/Nursing.
2023 (Swedish)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Patients with type 2 diabetes experiences of obstacles and support while making lifestyle changes : A qualitative interview study (English)
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Typ 2-diabetes är en allvarlig sjukdom som ökar kraftigt världen över. Övervikt och ohälsosamma levnadsvanor är de största riskfaktorerna för att utveckla sjukdomen och risken att drabbas av komplikationer är stor. Genom hälsosamma levnadsvanor kan dock risken för komplikationer minska påtagligt. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva patienter med typ 2-diabetes upplevelser och erfarenheter av hinder och stöd vid livsstilsförändringar. Metod: En empirisk, kvalitativ intervjustudie med induktiv ansats genomfördes där åtta patienter med typ 2-diabetes intervjuades. Intervjumaterialet analyserades enligt Graneheim och Lundmans kvalitativa manifesta innehållsanalys. Resultat: Personliga, sociala samt vårdrelaterade hinder och stöd framkom som betydande faktorer vid arbetet med livsstilsförändringar. Symtom relaterade till sjukdomen ökade motivationen till att genomföra livsstilsförändringar, medan fysiska besvär relaterade till andra sjukdomar och smärttillstånd ansågs vara betydande hinder. Kunskap om sjukdomen och dess komplikationer, engagemang hos närstående samt kontinuerliga besök med personcentrerad information hos diabetessjuksköterskan ansågs stödjande, medan en stressig vardag upplevdes hindra genomförandet av livsstilsförändringar. Slutsats: Patienters genomförande av livsstilsförändringar påverkas av diverse upplevda hinder och stöd. Studiens resultat belyser bland annat betydelsen av den regelbundna, personcentrerade vården och kan användas som vägledning för vårdpersonal i deras hälsofrämjande arbete med patienter med typ 2-diabetes.

Abstract [en]

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a severe disease that is increasing worldwide. Obesity and unhealthy lifestyle is the main risk factor to developing the disease and the risk of developing further complications are high. Leading a healthy lifestyle, the complications can be significantly reduced. Purpose: The aim was to describe patients with type 2 diabetes experiences of obstacles and support while making lifestyle changes. Method: An empirical, qualitative interview study with an inductive approach was conducted, where eight persons with type 2 diabetes were interviewed. The study material was analyzed according to Graneheim and Lundman’s qualitative manifest content analysis. Results: Personal, social and health care-related obstacles and support emerged as important factors when working with lifestyle changes. Symptoms related to the disease increased the motivation to implement lifestyle changes, while physical complaints related to other diseases and pain conditions were considered to be hindering factors. Having knowledge about the disease and its complications, involvement of relatives and continuous visits with person-centered information from the diabetes nurse were considered to be supportive, while a stressful everyday life was perceived to hinder the implementation of lifestyle changes. Conclusion: Patients' implementation of lifestyle changes is affected by several perceived obstacles and support. The study's results highlight the importance of regular, person-centered care and can be used as guidance for health care professionals in their health promotion work with patients living with type 2 diabetes.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2023.
Keywords [en]
Experience, lifestyle changes, obstacles, qualitative interview study, self-management, support and type 2 diabetes
Keywords [sv]
Egenvård, erfarenheter, hinder, kvalitativ intervjustudie, livsstilsförändringar, stöd, typ 2-diabetes och upplevelser
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:du-45337OAI: oai:DiVA.org:du-45337DiVA, id: diva2:1733533
Subject / course
Caring Science/Nursing
Available from: 2023-02-02 Created: 2023-02-02

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