Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE credits
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses risks to maternal and neonatal health, yet screening approaches vary in Europe. Cultural, socioeconomic, psychological, and healthcare factors impact adherence to the essential dietary management of GDM. This study aims to explore these factors to enhance dietary adherence among women with GDM in Europe.
Aim: To investigate the factors promoting and hindering adherence to a healthy diet among women diagnosed with GDM or at risk of developing GDM in Europe.
Methodology: A qualitative meta-synthesis with a meta-ethnographic analysis design (Noblit & Hare, 1988) was used in this study. 18 qualitative articles focusing on diet adherence experiences and perceptions of women with GDM risk or diagnosis in Europe were analyzed.
Results: Five main themes were identified: Beliefs and Perceptions, Psychological impact and Coping, Environmental and Social Factors, Healthcare Services and Support and Knowledge and Awareness. The sub-themes included: beliefs about illness, beliefs about health, beliefs about healthcare, preliminary psychological impact, stigma, coping and building resilience, social and economic stressors, family life and domestic duties, service provision, relational interactions, understanding of GDM and awareness of future diabetes risks.
Conclusion: The study underscores the complex interplay of socio-cultural, psychological, and healthcare factors affecting women with GDM or at risk in Europe. Adherence to a healthy diet is influenced by women's beliefs, emotional responses, financial constraints, social support, and healthcare experiences. Positive healthcare encounters enhance adherence, while knowledge gaps highlight the need for improved education and guidance. Holistically addressing these factors is crucial for effective dietary management in GDM.
2024.
GDM, diet adherence, qualitative metasynthesis, experience, Europe.