During the first decades of this millennium, especially after 2005, a new process of largescale investment, known as land grabbing, has spread in the Global South, especially in Africa. Foreign capital has shown keen interest in acquiring or leasing land in African states, often perceived as empty and lacking industrialization and modernization. The case of Tanzania is peculiar; through this case, it will be possible to illustrate how a state rooted in the ideas of socialist leaders like Nyerere transformed into a state based on free-market economics. This thesis, focusing on the cases of the Bagamoyo district and Maasai Land, aims to highlight the influence of various stakeholders on land policy over the past twenty years. It seeks to provide a genealogy of the process of land leasing, beginning with the challenging transition from socialist ideology to a free-market society. Indeed, after 2005, the Bagamoyo district attracted different stakeholders who attempted to lease land. Particularly, the first agreement was initiated by a Swedish project aiming to cultivate biofuel crops. Subsequently, through the Agro EcoEnergy company, still within the framework of the Swedish project, there was an attempt to invest in sugarcane production. The process of leasing land in the Tanzanian state is not as straightforward as it might seem. Simultaneously, in the borders with Kenya, the Maasai community was dispossessed of their land to create a Reserved Land and develop tourism. In this process, various actors are involved, including the state, government, politics, village communities, and investors.