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Losing contact with one’s unborn baby: mothers’ experiences prior to receiving news that their baby has died in utero
Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Caring Science/Nursing.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7385-5649
Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Caring Science/Nursing.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4875-1407
2011 (English)In: Omega : Journal of Death and Dying, ISSN 1541-3764, Vol. 62, no 4, p. 353-367Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Background: A change in the pattern of movement of her unborn baby could be indicative that the baby might die.

Aim: To study mothers' experiences during the time prior to receiving news that their baby has died.

Method: Interviews with 26 mothers.

Results: Premonition that something had happened to their baby, a sense based on a lack of movements were experienced. Six categories describe the mother's insight that the baby's life was threatened: not feeling in touch with their baby; worry' feeling something is wrong; not understanding the unbelievable; wanting information; and being certain that their baby had died. The overarching theme "There is something wrong" was formulated.

Conclusion: The mother could not understand the unbelievable: that the baby had died in utero. Implications: Mother's should be cautioned to trust their insights and seek medical advice if they are concerned over the lack of movement from the unborn baby.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Amityville: Baywood , 2011. Vol. 62, no 4, p. 353-367
National Category
Health Sciences
Research subject
Research Profiles 2009-2020, Health and Welfare
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:du-5143DOI: 10.2190/OM.62.4.cISI: 000288504700003Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-79952615186OAI: oai:dalea.du.se:5143DiVA, id: diva2:520291
Available from: 2010-12-16 Created: 2010-12-16 Last updated: 2021-11-12Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Kvinnors upplevelser av fosterrörelser i slutet av graviditeten
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Kvinnors upplevelser av fosterrörelser i slutet av graviditeten
2013 (Swedish)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Det finns begränsad kunskap om hur kvinnor upplever fosterrörelser i slutet av graviditeten. Ökad kunskap om fosterrörelser kan bidra till bättre möjligheter att identifiera foster som riskerar att dö intrauterint. Syfte: Att utforska hur gravida kvinnor upplever fosterrörelser i slutet av en okomplicerad graviditet samt hur mammor som mist ett barn i livmodern upplevt kontakten med barnet tiden före beskedet att barnet hade dött. Metod: Delstudie I, djupintervjuer med 26 mammor vars barn dött före födelsen, efter 28 fullgångna graviditetsveckor. Delstudie II, frågeformulär till 393 kvinnor med okomplicerad graviditet som besvarades i graviditetsvecka 37 till 42. Svaren analyserades i båda studierna med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: 22 mammor i delstudie I beskrev att de hade haft en föraning om att något kunde ha hänt deras barn innan de fick besked att barnet dött intrauterint. Föraningen grundades på att mammorna hade upplevt minskade eller uteblivna fosterrörelser. Det är något som inte stämmer; formulerades som ett sammanfattande tema på mammornas föraning. Processen mot insikten om att deras barn dött beskrivs i olika steg; Inte känna kontakt med barnet; Känna oro; Känna att något är fel; Inte begripa det ofattbara; Vilja få besked; Vara säker på att barnet har dött. I delstudie II beskrev 383 (96 %) kvinnor i fullgången okomplicerad graviditet olika rörelser som klassificerades som kraftfulla rörelser. De flesta kvinnorna beskrev flera typer av rörelser, tio (4 %) kvinnor beskrev fosterrörelser som inte inkluderade någon rörelse i kategorin kraftfulla rörelser. Konklusion: Mammor som mist sitt barn före födelsen hade känt en föraning om att deras väntade barn kunde må dåligt, de hade upplevt att de tappat kontakten med barnet innan de fick besked att barnet hade dött i livmodern men normaliserade känslan. De flesta kvinnor med okomplicerad, fullgången graviditet, beskriver att barnet rör sig med kraft och tryck, få kvinnor beskriver rörelser som inte kan kategoriseras som kraftfulla. Implikationer: Blivande mammor bör uppmanas att lita på sin upplevelse av att det är något som inte stämmer och kontakta sjukvården direkt om de är bekymrade över sitt ofödda barns rörelser. Bedömning av fosterrörelser i fullgången graviditet kan inkludera: förekomst, frekvens och intensitet.

Nyckelord: Innehållsanalys, fosterdöd, fosterrörelser, fullgången graviditet, upplevelser

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Falun: Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Uppsala Universitet, 2013. p. 82
Keywords
Innehållsanalys, fosterdöd, fosterrörelser, fullgången graviditet, upplevelser
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Research subject
Health and Welfare, Mammors erfarenheter och beskrivning av sitt barns rörelser i livmodern
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:du-11801 (URN)978-91-506-2328-4 (ISBN)
Presentation
2013-01-11, Högskolan Dalarna, 791 88, Falun, 14:01 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

Betygsnämnd: Margareta Larsson, ordförande (Kvinnor och Barns Hälsa, Uppsala Universitet), Helle Kieler, Docent (Institutionen för medicin Solna, enheten för klinisk epidemiologi. Karolinska Institutet), Lars Wallin, professor (Akademin Hälsa och samhälle, Högskolan Dalarna).

Available from: 2013-02-04 Created: 2013-02-04 Last updated: 2021-11-12Bibliographically approved
2. Fetal Movements in late Pregnancy: Categorization, Self-assessment, and Prenatal Attachment in relation to women’s experiences
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Fetal Movements in late Pregnancy: Categorization, Self-assessment, and Prenatal Attachment in relation to women’s experiences
2016 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Aim: To explore how pregnant women experience fetal movements in late pregnancy. Specific aims were:  to study women’s experiences during the time prior to receiving news that their unborn baby had died in utero (I), to investigate women’s descriptions of fetal movements (II), investigate the association between the magnitude of fetal movements and level of prenatal attachment (III), and to study women’s experiences using two different self-assessment methods (IV).

Methods: Interviews, questionnaires, and observations were used.

Results: Premonition that something had happened to their unborn baby, based on a lack of fetal movements, was experienced by the participants. The overall theme “something is wrong” describes the women’s insight that the baby’s life was threatened (I). Fetal movements that were sorted into the domain “powerful movements” were perceived in late pregnancy by 96 % of the participants (II). Perceiving frequent fetal movements on at least three occasions per 24 hours was associated with higher scores of prenatal attachment in all the three subscales on PAI-R. The majority (55%) of the 456 participants reported average occasions of frequent fetal movements, 26% several occasions and 18% reported few occasions of frequent fetal movements, during the current gestational week.  (III). Only one of the 40 participants did not find at least one method for monitoring fetal movements suitable. Fifteen of the 39 participants reported a preference for the mindfetalness method and five for the count-to-ten method. The women described the observation of the movements as a safe and reassuring moment for communication with their unborn baby (IV).

Conclusion:  In full-term and uncomplicated pregnancies, women usually perceive fetal movements as powerful. Furthermore, women in late pregnancy who reported frequent fetal movements on several occasions during a 24-hour period seem to have a high level of prenatal attachment. Women who used self-assessment methods for monitoring fetal movements felt calm and relaxed when observing the movements of their babies. They had a high compliance for both self-assessment methods. Women that had experienced a stillbirth in late pregnancy described that they had a premonition before they were told that their baby had died in utero. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2016. p. 73
Series
Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine, ISSN 1651-6206 ; 1171
Keywords
Fetal movements, pregnancy, prenatal attachment, self-assessment, stillbirth
National Category
Health Sciences
Research subject
Research Profiles 2009-2020, Health and Welfare
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:du-22713 (URN)978-91-554-9446-9 (ISBN)
Public defence
2016-02-25, Föreläsningssal 6, Högskolegatan 2, Falun, 13:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2016-08-18 Created: 2016-08-18 Last updated: 2021-11-12Bibliographically approved

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Malm, Mari-CristinLindgren, Helena

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