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Urinary kidney injury molecule-1 and the risk of cardiovascular mortality in elderly men
Centre for Family Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
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2014 (English)In: American Society of Nephrology. Clinical Journal, ISSN 1555-9041, E-ISSN 1555-905X, Vol. 9, no 8, p. 1393-1401Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) has been suggested as a clinically relevant highly specific biomarker of acute kidney tubular damage. However, community-based data on the association between urinary levels of KIM-1 and the risk for cardiovascular mortality are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the association between urinary KIM-1 and cardiovascular mortality.DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS: This was a prospective study, using the community-based Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (N=590; mean age 77 years; baseline period, 1997-2001; median follow-up 8.1 years; end of follow-up, 2008).RESULTS: During follow-up, 89 participants died of cardiovascular causes (incidence rate, 2.07 per 100 person-years at risk). Models were adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors (age, systolic BP, diabetes, smoking, body mass index, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, antihypertensive treatment, lipid-lowering treatment, aspirin treatment, and history of cardiovascular disease) and for markers of kidney dysfunction and damage (cystatin C-based eGFR and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio). Higher urinary KIM-1/creatinine (from 24-hour urine collections) was associated with a higher risk for cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio per SD increase, 1.27; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.05 to 1.54; P=0.01). Participants with a combination of high KIM-1/creatinine (upper quintile, ≥175 ng/mmol), low eGFR (≤60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2)), and microalbuminuria/macroalbuminuria (albumin/creatinine ratio≥3 g/mol) had a >8-fold increased risk compared with participants with low KIM-1/creatinine (<175 ng/mmol), normal eGFR (>60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2)), and normoalbuminuria (albumin/creatinine ratio<3 g/mol) (hazard ratio, 8.56; 95% CI, 4.17 to 17.56; P<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that higher urinary KIM-1 may predispose to a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality independently of established cardiovascular risk factors, eGFR, and albuminuria. Additional studies are needed to further assess the utility of measuring KIM-1 in the clinical setting.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2014. Vol. 9, no 8, p. 1393-1401
National Category
Clinical Medicine
Research subject
Research Profiles 2009-2020, Health and Welfare
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URN: urn:nbn:se:du-14320DOI: 10.2215/CJN.11901113ISI: 000339984100010PubMedID: 24923577Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84923781858OAI: oai:DiVA.org:du-14320DiVA, id: diva2:725335
Available from: 2014-06-16 Created: 2014-06-16 Last updated: 2021-11-12Bibliographically approved

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Ärnlöv, Johan

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