A theoretical framework and a case study for equitable trade policies based on Emergy Synthesis (Odum, 1996,Brown and Ulgiati, 2004)) is presented in this paper, aimed at integrating monetary evaluation and measures in supportof more comprehensive trade balance between countries, for equity and international stability. The paper stems from therecognition that the economic growth of developed countries is very often based on the depletion of primary resourcestorages of developing countries, not adequately compensated in trade dynamics in terms of real wealth exchanged. Oneof the basic principles of the emergy systems perspective is that wealth relies on availability and good use of resources,not on money in itself. Evaluating international trade and net benefit from investments using only the inflows andoutflows of currency often shows a monetary balance of payments but disregards the inflows and outflows of resources.Since resources have different quality and therefore different ability to drive an economic process and providewealth, accounting for quality and ensuring a balanced resource exchange is very important for trade to be beneficial toboth partner countries. In this paper, the Authors investigate in emergy terms the economic performance of Latvia,Denmark and Italy, and then calculate the emergy exchange ratios associated to global trade as well as to selectedproducts traded among these countries. Results show that Denmark has the highest advantage from bilateral trade withLatvia and Italy, and Latvia the lowest. The reasons can be identified in the high emergy/GDP ratio of Latvia as well asin the fact that Latvian exports mainly rely on primary resources, while Italian and Danish exports basically consist ofmanufactured goods and commodities. The Authors underline the importance of good trade partnership and call forpolicy measures for implementation of equitable trade pattern.