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Wear of a high cBN content PCBN cutting tool during hard milling of powder metallurgy cold work tool steels
Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Materials Technology. Uppsala Universitet. (Tribologi)ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5536-3077
Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Materials Technology. Linköpings Universitet. (Tribologi)
Uddeholm Tooling.
Seco Tools.
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2015 (English)In: Wear, ISSN 0043-1648, E-ISSN 1873-2577, Vol. 332, p. 752-761Article in journal (Other academic) Published
Abstract [en]

The wear characteristics of a high cBN content PCBN cutting tool during hard milling of two different hardened cold work tool steels have been evaluated. Post-cutting examination of the worn cutting inserts was performed using high resolution field emission gun scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy and optical surface profilometry. Also, the machined work material surfaces and collected chips were characterized in order to evaluate the prevailing wear mechanisms. The results show that both flank and crater wear are controlled by continuous wear due to tribochemical reactions, adhesive wear and mild abrasive wear. Besides, the cutting inserts show a tendency to micro-chipping along the cutting edge especially at higher cutting speed. The latter mechanism was also found to be dependent on type of work material. High lateral resolution Auger electron spectroscopy of the crater region shows that the worn surface is covered by a thin SixOy rich tribofilm with a thickness of 50-500 nm, the tribofilm being thicker on the binder phase regions. Also, the Co-rich regions of the binder phase seem to be more tribochemically affected by the prevailing contact conditions as compared with the W-rich regions of the binder phase and the cBN phase. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2015. Vol. 332, p. 752-761
Keywords [en]
PCBN; Milling; Cold work tool steel; Wear mechanisms; Surface analysis; AES
National Category
Materials Engineering
Research subject
Research Profiles 2009-2020, Steel Forming and Surface Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:du-16352DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2015.01.073ISI: 000357438100014Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84937932215OAI: oai:DiVA.org:du-16352DiVA, id: diva2:762980
Available from: 2014-11-13 Created: 2014-11-13 Last updated: 2021-11-12Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Investigation of topography, adhesion and diffusion in sliding contacts during steel and titanium alloy machining
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Investigation of topography, adhesion and diffusion in sliding contacts during steel and titanium alloy machining
2019 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The aim of the present thesis work is to increase the fundamental knowledge of the tribological contact between the cutting tool and the work material in three different cutting operations, i.e. hard milling of cold work tool steels, turning in 316L stainless steel and turning in Ti6Al4V alloy, respectively. The influence of cutting parameters and tool surface topography on the initial material transfer tendency and resulting wear and wear mechanisms were investigated under well controlled cutting conditions. High resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface analysis, including energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), were used in order to characterize the worn cutting tools on a sub-µm scale and deepen the understanding of the wear mechanisms prevailing at the tool / work material interface. The characterization work includes the analysis of worn tool surfaces as well as cross-sections of these. Also, the back side of collected chips were analysed to further understand the contact mechanisms between the tool rake face and chip.

The results show that the transfer tendency of work material is strongly affected by the surface topography of the rake face and that an appropriate pre- and post-coating treatment can be used in order to reduce the transfer tendency and the mechanical interaction between the mating surfaces. The continuous wear mechanisms of the cutting tools were found to be dependent on the work materials and the cutting parameters used. In hard milling of cold work tool steels, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride shows a combination of tribochemical wear, adhesive wear and mild abrasive wear. In the turning of 316L stainless steel and Ti6Al4V alloy, using medium to high cutting speeds/feeds, the wear of cemented carbide is mainly controlled by diffusion wear of the WC phase. Interestingly, the diffusion wear processes differ between the two work materials. In contact with 316L stainless steel crater wear is controlled by atomic diffusion of W and C into the passing chip. In contact with Ti6Al4V crater wear is controlled by the diffusion of C into a transfer work material layer generating a W-rich and TiC interfacial layer which repeatedly is removed by the passing chip. The experimental work and results obtained illustrates the importance of in-depth characterization of the worn surfaces in order to increase the understanding of the degradation and wear of tool materials and coatings in metal cutting operations.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Uppsala University, 2019
National Category
Materials Engineering
Research subject
Research Profiles 2009-2020, Steel Forming and Surface Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:du-29700 (URN)
Public defence
(English)
Supervisors
Available from: 2019-03-27 Created: 2019-03-19 Last updated: 2021-11-12Bibliographically approved
2.
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