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Assessment of renovation measures for a dwelling area: impacts on energy efficiency and building certification
Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Energy Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2868-6481
Högskolan i Gävle.
Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Construction. Umeå universitet.
2016 (English)In: Building and Environment, ISSN 0360-1323, E-ISSN 1873-684X, Vol. 97, p. 26-33Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Resource type
Text
Abstract [en]

The European Union has an ambitious plan to reduce energy use and emissions by the year 2030. The building and real estate sectors have a great potential to help reduce emissions by energy efficiency. However, different energy sources and environmental standards affect the decision making of these major renovations in the existing stock. This study investigates how different renovation strategies affect the energy rating of a selected Building Environmental Assessment Tool and analyses the consequences in terms of greenhouse gas emissions for the local district heating system. Both building energy simulations and energy systems cost optimization were used to determine the energy use and local emissions. The results of different renovation scenarios were used to evaluate the rating in the selected tool and the impact in the district heating local emissions. The used methodology illustrates how energy efficient renovation impacts on the district heating system’s local emissions. However, a bias towards resource classification within the Swedish Building Environmental Tool, Miljöbyggnad, needs to be addressed in order to assess the impact of local emissions. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2016. Vol. 97, p. 26-33
Keywords [en]
Buildings; Carbon dioxide; Decision making; District heating; Gas emissions; Greenhouse gases; Heating; Heating equipment, Building energy simulations; Building environmental assessment tool; Different energy sources; Energy source; Energy-efficient renovations; Environmental standards; Renovation; Resource classification, Energy efficiency, carbon emission; certification; emission control; energy efficiency; environmental assessment; heating; repair, Sweden
National Category
Civil Engineering
Research subject
Research Profiles 2009-2020, Energy and Built Environments
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:du-20651DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.12.012ISI: 000369678200003Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84950276041OAI: oai:DiVA.org:du-20651DiVA, id: diva2:892786
Available from: 2016-01-11 Created: 2016-01-11 Last updated: 2021-11-12Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. A methodology to assess impacts of energy efficient renovation - A Swedish case study
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A methodology to assess impacts of energy efficient renovation - A Swedish case study
2017 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The European Union aims to reduce energy use and CO2-emissions by 40 % by the year 2030. The building sector has been identified as having a great potential to reduce emission of CO2 by increasing its energy efficiency. Also, there is a growing concern of the buildings environmental performance, that lead to the development of building environmental assessment tools. However, different types of energy sources and confusing environmental impacts affect the decision making when renovating for improved energy efficiency. This study develops and tests a methodology to help decision-makers when considering major renovation of their building stock when connected to adistrict heating system. The proposed methodology is applied and used to investigate how different renovation scenarios affects the building environmental impacts in terms of CO2 emissions and identify and discuss future improvements of the methodology.

The novelty of the method is the expanded system boundaries that include both the distribution and production of district heating and the energy use at a building level. In this way it is possible to compare and weight measures made both at the energy system level and the building level. This work has limited its approach to energy use in buildings, but it is important to bring the life cycle thinking to the methodology. During the choice of the renovation methods it was noticed that the environmental impact of the production of some components in order to reduce the energy use of a building are not insignificant. Even if all the renovation measures considered in this case study are feasible, it is important to determine in which order they are desirable or achievable from an economic point of view. Uncertainty in the future development of energy, and limited economic resources can play an important role in the possibility of energy efficient renovation.

Abstract [sv]

Den Europeiska Unionen har som målsättning att minska energianvändning och utsläpp av växthusgaser med 40 % till året 2030 jämfört med 1990. Byggnader har identifierats som ett område med stor potential för utsläppsminskningar om de energieffektiviseras. Användningen av olika energislag och olika sätt att värdera miljöpåverkan påverkar beslutsfattandet i samband med energieffektivisering.

I studien utvecklas och testas en metodik som kan hjälpa beslutsfattare vid renovering med energieffektivisering inom fjärrvärmeområdet. Först utvecklades en översiktlig metodik vilken inkluderar både byggnadsenergisimulering och energisystemsimulering. Sen implementerades metodiken genom olika renoveringsscenarier och utsläppen av växthusgaser analyserades.

Metodiken visar att det finns en möjlighet att utveckla ett verktyg som kan hjälpa beslutsfattare när energibesparingsstrategier ska implementeras vilka kan bli positiva för både byggnader och fjärrvärmesystemet.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Gävle: Gävle University Press, 2017. p. 21
Series
Studies in the Research Profile Built Environment. Licentiate thesis. ; 3
Keywords
Buildings, renovation, greenhouse gases emissions, district heating, energy efficiency, building environmental assessment tools, energy use, heating, Byggnader, renovering, växthusgasutsläpp, fjärrvärme, energieffektivisering, byggnadsmiljöprestanda verktyg, energianvändning, värme
National Category
Environmental Analysis and Construction Information Technology
Research subject
Energy and Built Environments, Reesbe företagsforskarskola
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:du-26753 (URN)978-91-88145-13-0 (ISBN)978-91-88145-14-7 (ISBN)
Presentation
2017-05-29, Rum B:311, Högskolan Dalarna, Borlänge, 11:34
Opponent
Supervisors
Projects
REESBE
Funder
Knowledge Foundation
Available from: 2017-12-13 Created: 2017-12-12 Last updated: 2021-11-12Bibliographically approved
2. Energy efficient renovation in a life cycle perspective: A case study of a Swedish multifamily-building
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Energy efficient renovation in a life cycle perspective: A case study of a Swedish multifamily-building
2021 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Energy use in the European Union is increasing. At the same time, it is estimated that by the year 2050 most of the EU population will be living in currently existing buildings. Some of these buildings are or will be in need of renovation, and they have identified a target to reduce overall energy use. The urgency of climate change also makes it highly relevant and important to improve buildings resource and energy efficiency. This thesis aims to explain how different proposed energy efficient renovation strategies affect the energy use at different system levels, the potential environmental impacts of these alternatives, how they are connected to economic impacts and the implications of using a commercial LCA software to answer these questions from a research perspective.

In order to answer the questions above, the effect of different renovation strategies were studied by combining building energy simulations, energy system simulations, a building environmental assessment tool, life cycle assessment and life cycle cost calculations. These tools are used in order to provide an overview of how the different renovation strategies affect the production of district heating, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the environmental and economic performance of the building.

The results show that the selected renovation strategies reduce energy use by decreasing transmission losses, while reducing the total amount of purchased energy by using solar energy or by changing energy carriers. These different approaches have the potential to reduce the environmental impact, mainly by reducing global warming potential, acidification potential and eutrophication potential and to some extent abiotic depletion potential. However, when changing energy carriers there is a burden shift to radioactive waste disposed. When the economic aspects are analyzed, it is shown that there is no simple correlation between financial and environmental impacts.

To analyze a building from a life cycle perspective can help to identify the advantages and disadvantages of energy efficient renovation from the building owner’s perspective as well as from a societal perspective. Applying a life cycle perspective is therefore important for building owners, building companies and practitioners as well for policy makers to avoid suboptimisation.

Abstract [sv]

Energianvändningen inom den Europeiska Unionen ökar. Samtidigt, beräknas att år 2050 så bor merparten av EU:s befolkning i byggnader som finns idag. En del av dessa byggnader behöver renoveras eller kommer att var i behov av renovering, och dessa är identifierade som ett mål för att minska energianvändning. Klimatförändringens akuta karaktär ökar också relevansen och betydelsen av att ha mer resurs- och energieffektiva byggnader. Denna avhandlings mål är att förklara hur olika energieffektiva renoveringsstrategier påverkar energianvändningen på olika systemnivåer, vilken är den potentiella miljöpåverkan av dessa alternativ, hur detta är kopplat till ekonomisk påverkan och vika är implikationerna av att använda en kommersiell mjukvara för att besvara dessa frågor ur ett forskningsperspektiv.

För att svara på dessa frågor studeras effekten av olika renoveringsstrategier genom av kombinera byggnadsenergisimuleringar, energisystemssimuleringar, system för miljöcertifiering av byggnader, livscykelanalys och beräkningar av livscykelkostnader. Dessa verktyg används för att ge en överblick över hur olika renoveringsstrategier påverkar produktionen av fjärrvärme, utsläpp av växthusgaser och byggnadens miljömässiga och ekonomiska prestanda. Resultaten visar att de valda renoveringsstrategierna minskar energianvändningen genom att minska transmissionsförlusterna, och minskar behovet av köpt energi genom användning av solenergi och genom att byta energibärare. Dessa olika strategier har potential av minska miljöpåverkan i termer av klimatpåverkan, försurning, övergödning och till viss del utarmning av abiotiska tillgångar. Ett byte av energibärare medför dock att bördan skiftas till deponerat radioaktivt avfall. När de ekonomiska aspekterna analyseras visar det sig att det inte finns en enkel korrelation mellan dessa och miljöpåverkan.

Att analysera byggnader utifrån ett livscykelperspektiv kan hjälpa till att identifiera för- och nackdelar med energieffektiv renovering från fastighetsägarens perspektiv, men också från ett samhällsperspektiv. Att använda livscykelperspektiv är följaktligen viktigt för att fastighetsägare, byggföretag, konsulter och beslutfattare ska kunna undvika suboptimering.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Gävle: Gävle University Press, 2021. p. 62
Keywords
Buildings, renovation, greenhouse gas emissions, district heating, energy efficiency, building environmental assessment tools, energy use, space heating, life cycle assessment, life cycle costing, payback, scenarios simulation, Byggnadsrenovering, växthusgasutsläpp, fjärrvärme, energieffektivitet, system för miljöcertifiering av byggnader, energianvändning, byggnadsuppvärmning, livscykelanalys, livscykelkostnader, återbetalning, scenariosimulering
National Category
Energy Systems Environmental Analysis and Construction Information Technology
Research subject
Energy and Built Environments, Reesbe företagsforskarskola
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:du-36176 (URN)978-91-88145-60-4 (ISBN)978-91-88145-61-1 (ISBN)
Public defence
2021-02-24, Room 322, Borlänge, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2021-02-17 Created: 2021-02-17 Last updated: 2023-04-14Bibliographically approved

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