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Urinary KIM-1, but not urinary cystatin C, should be corrected for urinary creatinine
Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Medical Science. Uppsala universitet.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6933-4637
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2016 (English)In: Clinical Biochemistry, ISSN 0009-9120, E-ISSN 1873-2933, Vol. 49, no 15, p. 1164-1166Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

OBJECTIVES: The interest for tubular damage markers such as urinary cystatin C (U-CystC) and kidney injury molecule-1 (U-KIM-1) grows, especially for the diagnosis of acute kidney injury. The trend to measure proteins in spot urine samples instead of 24-h urine collections calls for adjustment of urine dilution with urinary creatinine (UCr). However, it is not known whether UCr adjustment provides a more true value of basal U-CystC and U-KIM-1 levels than absolute values.

DESIGN & METHODS: This study examines the rationale for UCr correction for U-CystC and U-KIM-1 by exploring the linear relations between U-CystC and U-KIM-1 and UCr, respectively, and the biological day to day variation of absolute concentrations and UCr adjusted values of the two biomarkers.

RESULTS: Both U-CystC and U-KIM-1 concentrations correlated positively with UCr (R=0.37, P<0.001 and R=0.62, P<0.001, respectively) in 378 participants in a community cohort, which indicated a rationale for adjustment with UCr. However, U-CystC/Cr ratio associated negatively with UCr (R=- 0.31, P<0.001), which could indicate a certain amount of 'over-adjustment'. Morning urine collected for 10 consecutive days from 13 healthy volunteers showed a biological day to day variation of 82% for U-CystC, 75% for U-cystC/Cr ratio, 70% for U-KIM-1 and 46% for U-KIM-1/Cr ratio.

CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the use of U-KIM-1/Cr ratio in clinical population studies. Data supporting the use of U-CysC/U-Cr ratio were less convincing and the possible confounding of UCr has to be acknowledged in clinical settings.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2016. Vol. 49, no 15, p. 1164-1166
Keywords [en]
Biological variation; Cystatin C; Kidney injury molecule-1; Tubular biomarker; Creatinine ratio
National Category
Clinical Medicine
Research subject
Research Profiles 2009-2020, Health and Welfare
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:du-22657DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.07.015ISI: 000385329700013PubMedID: 27475248Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84991598801OAI: oai:DiVA.org:du-22657DiVA, id: diva2:950886
Available from: 2016-08-03 Created: 2016-08-03 Last updated: 2021-11-12Bibliographically approved

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Ärnlöv, Johan

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