The thesis examines the strategies used by the South Sudanese women in Kakuma refugee camp in Kenya to initiate and carry through income-generating activities. The purpose of this study is to explore the reasons why some South Sudanese women are economically self-reliant in Kakuma and to conclude with suggestions as to how these economic self-reliance strategies can be applied by the agencies working in Kakuma. In addition to the relevant secondary sources, the study is based on five weeks’ ethnographical research in Kakuma refugee camp. Throughout the thesis, I analyzed the influence of the cultural and legal context on the self-reliance of South Sudanese women, and the strategies which they have employed in order to achieve economical self-reliance. I have also explored the measures implemented by the agencies working in the refugee camp to promote economic self-reliance. Two main differences between the successful female South Sudanese entrepreneurs and other South Sudanese women were the experience of entrepreneurship environment and/or determination and dedication. The agencies lack sufficient manpower, funds and strategies to reach and support to the most vulnerable women who feel helpless in their situation and do not look actively for solutions. In order to improve the entrepreneurship mentality among the South Sudanese women, the main focus should be on ensuring that the most vulnerable women will be identified and recruited to provide long-term tailor-made support, trainings and mentors in order to empower and encourage the women to initiate the income generating activities. Promoting the economic self-reliance of the South Sudanese women would satisfy their basic needs and would benefit all the counterparts: the refugees and their families, Kenyan government and the agencies working with the refugees.