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  • 1.
    Abuisha, Hamad
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Tourism Studies.
    NEGOTIATING IDENTITY IN DIFFERENT REPRESENTATIONS OF CUBAN TOURISM2018Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The visual dimension plays a significant role in tourism, especially in its promotional materials. In promoting and representing their places and people, destinations participate in negotiations over meaning and identity, whether they do so consciously or not. These negotiations have real consequences, especially for third world destinations and minority stakeholders still grappling with the legacies of colonialism.

    This study uses Cuba as a case study to closely analyze the particular role images and representations of tourism play in destinations’ efforts to combat colonialist identities and power relations. Cuba bears many of the features common to other third world (in particular Caribbean) island destinations. There is a rich theoretical background of existing research into the common tropes and consequences of these destinations’ efforts to promote and represent their tourism industries. However, the Cuban tourism context is also very unique, making it a potentially rich area of study in furtherance of this existing research. Cuba is unique in terms of the history of its people and its politics, as well as its tourism industry. After several decades of remaining closed to international tourism, the Cuban government only reopened its borders to tourists in 1989, and tourist relations with the United States were only normalized in 2016. The situation is currently in flux and the future is uncertain. But researchers agree that the reopening of Cuba’s international tourism industry may have profound consequences for the country and its citizens. Many researchers have focused on the potential downsides of tourism for Cuba’s people, places, and identities. Others have expressed optimism that Cuba is uniquely well situated to control its tourism industry and to ensure positive outcomes.

    This study aims to learn more about the strategies and consequences of Cuba’s tourism industry, as seen through the lens of its marketing materials and the visual representations of Cuba, Cubans, and Cuban tourism they contain. First, this study conducts an extensive review of the literature on the unique Cuban context. Content analysis is then used to examine the images produced by Cuba’s official destination marketing organization (DMO), as featured on Cuba’s electronic tourism portal (Cubatravel.cu) and the website of the official tourism agency (Infotur.cu).

    The results affirm the difficulty postcolonial tourism destinations have in representing their people and places without engaging in stereotypes and essentializing discourses that perpetuate the social, economic, and power imbalances associated with colonialism. However, the results also provide some reason for hope. In comparison with other third world tourism destinations and marketing campaigns subjected to similar analysis, Cuba manages to achieve some progressive outcomes in its promotional materials. The visual representations of Cuba and Cubans assert Cuba’s diverse and unique culture and heritage. They also go much further than other third world destinations in depicting the subjectivity of the destination’s own people. It is recommended that further research look more closely at the racial and gender politics at play in Cuban society and Cuban tourism promotion. In addition, further research might examine the feelings of actual Cubans about the ways Cuban tourism promotions represent them and negotiate identity on their behalf.

  • 2.
    Adnan, Kulsoom
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society.
    Investigation of the impact of personal norms and environmental awareness to sustainable purchasing behaviour among tourists in Sweden: Quantitative Analysis2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This study examines into how tourists in Sweden engage in sustainable tourism by analysing the impact of personal norms and environmental knowledge on their purchasing decisions, with an emphasis on eco-friendly options for accommodation. The goal of the study is to ascertain how much sustainable tourism practices are considered by visitors in Sweden when making vacation choices. To do this, a survey was given to visitors (both domestic and international) to Sweden, and statistical analysis was done on the data gathered. The study's conclusions show a strong relationship between individual norms, environmental knowledge, and environmentally conscious purchasing practices among Swedish travelers. This shows that more environmentally conscious travelers are more likely to choose sustainable travel options, especially when it comes to choosing eco-friendly lodging. Policymakers, stakeholders in the tourist sector, and marketers wanting to promote sustainable tourism practices in Sweden can all benefit from the knowledge provided by these insights. The development of tailored measures to promote eco-conscious tourism behaviors among visitors to this Scandinavian destination can be aided by an understanding of the interaction between personal norms and environmental awareness.

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  • 3.
    Afia, Selim
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society.
    Push Factors Affecting Licensed Swedish Scuba Divers2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Scuba Diving is a growing sport in Sweden and globally, as the sport continues to grow an understanding of what motivates individuals to participate in this sport becomes more important. This thesis was built upon previous studies in order to identify what push factors motivate licenced Swedish scuba divers to dive and investigate if experience levels had any effect on these push motivational factors. In order to answer these research questions, the author used quantitative research methods to analyse data collected from various dive clubs, dive centres, and Facebook groups targeting Swedish scuba divers. In total twenty different groups and organizations were targeted and a total of 370 responses were collected. Following this, six responses were removed from the sample due to them being blank or not relevant to the research questions. The data collected showed that Swedish scuba divers were mainly males between the ages of 35 and 55 years of age with at least a high school degree but more commonly at least a bachelor’s degree. Furthermore, five main motivational factors were found through the data analysis that involved 24 different motivational variables. Factor analyses of these motivational variables lead to five factors emerging, the most important of which was labelled Experience. The data also found that in four of the five cases, experience levels did not have a significant effect on the motivational factors of Swedish scuba divers. However, experience levels did influence one of the motivational factors found in the analyses. Further areas of research following this thesis may include a look at the pull motivational factors for Swedish scuba divers as well as further research into the relationship between experience levels and motivational factors.

  • 4.
    Ahlsén Gahns, Malin
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Olsson, Johan
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Current and future shopping conditions in Sälen2011Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Going from having bought the most essential at the small shops close to home, better communications and an increasingly consumption oriented lifestyle has created a change in shopping behavior and has led to phenomenon such as shopping centres and more. These are constantly being built in Sweden: in the cities, outside the cities and more recently even in small cities -small cities as for one reason or another have access to a larger customer base which can have businesses to flourish economically.

    During the first decade of the 21st century, shopping centres have been established along the Swedish/Norwegian border. Since the Norwegian Krone is much stronger than the Swedish Krona Norwegians save a great deal of money on going to Sweden to shop. During the shopping trips to Sweden, it is mostly alcohol, meat, tobacco and candy that are being bought. However, other products such as clothing, technology, household appliances and more are also being purchased, all to save money on the trip. Together these cross border shoppers spent 11, 6 billion in Sweden during the year of 2010. This gives an average spending of approximately 10 900 SEK per cross border shopper on annual basis.

    Nordby, Töcksfors and Charlottenberg (small cities located in southwestern Sweden) are places characterized by Norwegian cross border shopping. Together, they generate billions every year and this only seems to increase. These places are relatively small in size but have prominent attributes such as proximity to the Norwegian border. Apart from these resorts and shopping centres, there are few or none similar places near the Norwegian border in the rest of Sweden. However, a place which is geographically well located and has a relatively large Norwegian and Swedish customer base is the ski resort of Sälen in west central of Sweden.

    Sälen is a village located near the Norwegian border, although fairly sparsely populated. The destination has annually about one million official guest nights, based on the 414 000 visitors who stay an average of about 4, 5 days.  Per visit, these tourists individually spend an average of 862 SEK on shopping at the destination.

    The expenditure of the mountain tourists together with the Norwegian border shoppers makes it very interesting to explore the opportunities for shopping development in terms of a shopping centre in the region of Sälen.

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  • 5.
    Al Masharqah, Tareq
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Political Unrest and its effects in the destination image of Egyptian tourism product2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 6. Alarcon, Nadia
    et al.
    Waleghwa, Beatrice
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Tourism Studies.
    Heldt, Tobias
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Tourism Studies.
    Mobility and accessibility in a rural tourism area: Report on mobility demand in Sälenfjällen, Sweden2020Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This report presents on a data collection that took place in the biggest winter tourism destination in Sweden, Sälenfjällen, during week 9-13 in 2020. The study was conducted as a part of the InterReg project MARA_mobility (Mobility and Accessibility in Rural areas). The overall purpose of the InterReg project is to improve the accessibility and mobility in touristic remote areas of the Baltic Sea Region by increasing the capacity of transport actors. One part of the project involves crosschecking the actual mobility demand of tourists with current mobility offers. The specific purpose of this study is to analyse mobility and accessibility for Sälenfjällen as being the Swedish case within the overarching InterReg project. Data collection was made on-site using a questionnaire and Public Participation Geographic Information System (PPGIS) adapted for the Sälenfjällen case area. A total of 162 responses entered the final analysis. Results of analysis findthat the trip characteristics influence the transport mode choice. Also, there are differences in the tourists’ perception of the mobility situation depending on transport mode chosen. Moreover, the perception of the mobility situation has a link to the overall satisfaction visit to the area, however, the relationship is weak.

  • 7.
    Amcoff, Jan
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Möller, Peter
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Westholm, Erik
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Dör byn när lanthandeln stänger?2011In: Plan, ISSN 0032-0560, no 3, p. 20-23Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 8. Amcoff, Jan
    et al.
    Westholm, Erik
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Understanding Rural Change: Demography as a key to the future2007In: Futures: The journal of policy, planning and futures studies, ISSN 0016-3287, E-ISSN 1873-6378, Vol. 39, no 4, p. 363-379Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The last decades have seen a rapidly growing interest in foresight methodology. Methods have been developed in corporate and governmental communication exercises often labelled technology foresight. In reality, these foresights have often drifted into processes of social change, since technological change is hard to foresee beyond what is already in the pipe-line. Forecasting of social change, however, must be based on solid knowledge about the mechanisms of continuity and change. Virtually nothing can be said about the future without relating to the past; foresights and futures studies are about revealing the hidden pulse of history. Hence, the answer to forecasting the future is empirical research within the social sciences. Demographic change has been recognised as a key determinant for explaining social change. Population changes are fairly predictable and the age transition can explain a wide range of socio-economic changes. For rural futures, demographic change is a key issue, since age structure in rural areas is often uneven and also unstable due to migration patterns. A number of policy related questions as well as research challenges are raised as a consequence.

  • 9.
    Avango, Dag
    et al.
    Luleå Technological University.
    Lepy, Elise
    Brännström, Malin
    Heikkinen, Hannu
    Oulu University.
    Komu, Teresa
    Oulu University.
    Pashkevich, Albina
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Tourism Studies.
    Österlin, Carl
    Heritage for the future – narrating abandoned mining sites2023In: Resource extraction and Arctic communities: the new extractivist paradigm / [ed] Sörlin Sverker, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2023Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 10.
    Baranova, Svetlana
    et al.
    Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University, Russia.
    Pashkevich, Albina
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Tourism Studies.
    Geoecological aspects as a base for sustainable development of cultural heritage destinations2019In: Экологическое образование для устойчивого развития: Теория и педагогическая реальность / [ed] Копосова Н.Н., Козлов А.В., Киселева Н.Ю., Волкова А.В., Вершинина И.В., Арефьева С.В., Маркова Д.С., Савинов М.И., Nizhny Novgorod, Russia: Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University, Russia , 2019, p. 42-44Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [ru]

    В статье подчеркивается значимость учета геоэкологических аспектов в развитии объектов куль-турного наследия на основе концепции устойчивого развития. В качестве основного направления реализации концепции предложены особенности, принципы формирования культурного ландшафта. Определены подходы концепции культурного ландшафта. Предложен и обоснован выбор информационно-аксиологического подхода.

  • 11.
    Bauer, Christian
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Tourism Studies.
    Tourism in Football: Exploring Motivational Factors and Typologies of Groundhoppers: An example of a German Groundhopper Online Community2018Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis aims to examine the motivational factors and to explore possible typologies of groundhoppers. Groundhopping as a special form of sports tourism which has grown rapidly over the last couple of decades. Given the fact, that there has been a lot of research in the field of sports tourism it is quite interesting to see that up to this day, there is hardly any in-depth research about groundhopping in particular. Groundhoppers are a very interesting group to both sport and tourism industry. For the latter, groundhoppers might be a potential target group especially when it comes to the promotion and marketing of certain destinations. Just like other types of tourists, groundhoppers bring money to the destinations, spend it at different occasions and hence contribute to the destinations’ development.

    Having an exploratory character, this quantitative research wants to contribute to the lack in current literature, focussing on a German groundhopper online community and its members. A web-based questionnaire has been conducted which had a total number of 909 respondents. Demonstrating the outcomes of the survey, this thesis looks into the individual statistics of the questionnaire and visualises the answers with descriptive tables. Furthermore, with the use of an exploratory factor analysis and a two-step cluster analysis, three potential groups of groundhoppers could be explored.

    The findings from this study should be seen as a starting point, an inspiration for further research, as groundhopping is likely to keep growing in numbers. While quantitative studies like this thesis can contribute to get an overall picture, qualitative research will also be required to get an insight on the more individual and personal level of groundhopping. This again could lead to new ideas and concepts for advanced quantitative research. Until then, groundhopping will remain a mostly unknown niche in the field of sports tourism.

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  • 12. Beland Lindahl, K
    et al.
    Westholm, Erik
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Global trends affecting future Swedish forest use – outlook among key actors2009Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 13.
    Bohlin, Magnus
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Kulturlandskapet som råvara i turismens upplevelseindustri2009In: Astrid Lindgrens landskap : hur landskapets kulturarv förändras, förstås, förvaltas och förmedlas / [ed] Bohlin, Magnus, Vimmerby, 2009, Vol. 69, p. 143-154Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 14.
    Bohlin, Magnus
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Brandt, Daniel
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Creating Tourist experiences by interpreting places using GPS and multimedia technologies2010Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 15.
    Bohlin, Magnus
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Brandt, Daniel
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Elbe, Jörgen
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Business Administration and Management.
    Spatial Concentration of Tourism: a Case of Urban Supremacy2022In: Tourism Planning & Development, ISSN 2156-8316, E-ISSN 2156-8324, Vol. 19, no 5, p. 392-412Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Tourism growth on the national level in Sweden is being concentrated to the three main urban centres. The question is if the same trend is discernible within Swedish regions. If so, tourism as a tool in regional transformation and for alleviating spatial disparities has a weak basis. The strategy to strengthen the competitiveness of each region/local community based on the Tourism Led Growth Hypothesis but is questioned. Urban hierarchy and centrifugal forces are often overlooked. Data on overnight stays between 2008 and 2016 are analysed for four regions in central Sweden: Dalarna, Värmland, Gävleborg, and Jämtland. Results indicate that there is an ongoing concentration to regional urban centres and that destination competitiveness is directly linked to an urban supremacy. Thus, tourism growth is primarily a concern for urban areas and, which contradicts the traditional notions of tourism policy in Sweden, where tourism is regarded as a remedy for declining regions.

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  • 16.
    Bohlin, Magnus
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Brandt, Daniel
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Elbe, Jörgen
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Business Administration and Management.
    Tourism as a vehicle for regional development in peripheral areas – myth or reality?: A longitudinal case study of Swedish regions2016In: European Planning Studies, ISSN 0965-4313, E-ISSN 1469-5944, Vol. 24, no 10, p. 1788-1805Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the contemporary so-called ‘competition state era’, many rural and peripheral regions are in decline. Tourism is increasingly viewed as being able to alleviate and rejuvenate regions that are facing economic difficulties. The European Union has launched several programmes with the goal of stimulating growth and employment in peripheral areas. These programmes are often used to support tourism development projects. In this paper, a longitudinal analysis of spatial changes in Swedish tourism is conducted. The analysis is based on statistics regarding overnight stays in Swedish commercial accommodation facilities. The aim is to investigate if tourism and tourism policy contribute to the reduction in disparities between regions. Although there are exceptions, the main findings indicate that the potential for creating sustainable rural tourism growth through tourism policy seems to be much less than the popular discourse suggests. © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

  • 17.
    Bohlin, Magnus
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Håkansson, Johan
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Underlag för gränshandel och köpcentrum i Sälen2011Report (Other academic)
  • 18.
    Boluk, Karla
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    A comparison and contrast of the montage of motives among social and lifestyle entrepreneurs2011Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 19.
    Boluk, Karla
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    An investigation of the associated benefits from prioritizing the people through the Fair Hotels Scheme in Ireland2011Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 20.
    Boluk, Karla
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Fair trade tourism South Africa: a pragmatic poverty reduction mechanism2011In: Tourism Planning and Development, ISSN 2156-8324, Vol. 8, no 3, p. 237-251Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The fundamental premise of social entrepreneurship is to use business knowledge to solve critical economic, social and environmental dilemmas facing a society. Social entrepreneurship is an emerging theme of inquiry in contemporary business, entrepreneurship, marketing and ethics literature. In effect, social entrepreneurs are concerned with making a “mission-related impact” which becomes their central concern. To date, there has been little attention given to the notion of social entrepreneurship in the discipline of tourism. Despite the lack of attention in tourism research there have been a number of significant social entrepreneurial contributions made to various communities in South Africa. Such contributions demonstrate the significance of change makers in the context of rural South Africa signifying progress in the country's new democracy. This paper is a consequence of two phases of field work in South Africa over a 10- month period. The paper discusses the motivational behaviour of six Fair Trade Tourism South Africa (FTTSA) entrepreneurs who have developed businesses with the intention of giving back to their South African communities. However, the study employed critical discourse analysis and in so doing it recognizes some of the inherent contradictions in informants' discourses based on their white privilege experienced during apartheid. Two aims focused on this exploration: 1) to seek information regarding entrepreneurial stimuli for involvement in social action, through FTTSA membership, and 2) to investigate FTTSA members' micro and macro discourses that inform their actions and behaviours.

  • 21.
    Boluk, Karla
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Fair trade tourism South Africa: consumer virtue or moral selving2011In: Journal of Ecotourism, ISSN 1472-4049, E-ISSN 1747-7638, Vol. 10, no 3, p. 235-249Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The academic focus on tourism impacts has raised questions regarding stakeholder responsibility. From a consumption perspective, many ethical consumers, by enacting their political and moral concerns through their consumer choice demonstrate their virtuous qualities and at the same time construct themselves as ethical. Ethical consumption and the consumption of Fairtrade, Fair Trade Tourism and Fair Trade Tourism South Africa (FTTSA) – which derived from Pro-Poor Tourism and ecotourism principles –, are embedded into a cultural context of global consumer capitalism. This macro discourse informs the way people think about the extent of their responsibility, what constitutes a fair exchange, and how they construct themselves as ethical consumers. Ethical consumption, although virtuous can then be described as a form of conspicuous consumption because consumption in its self is a hedonistic act especially when one uses ethical consumption as a mechanism to demonstrate one's ‘ethical self’. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with eleven FTTSA travellers in December–February of 2009 at two FTTSA businesses. The paper employed Critical Discourse Analysis to explore some of the tensions between consumer virtue and the hedonistic behaviours of the informants. The aim of this paper is to investigate the notion of moral selving in the context of ethical travel and in particular FTTSA. Results revealed that motivations for participation in ethical consumption and travel are varied and sometimes influenced by the appeal of moral selving.

  • 22.
    Boluk, Karla
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    In consideration of a new approach to tourism: a critical review of fair trade tourism2011In: Journal of Tourism and Peace Research, ISSN 1878-7754, Vol. 1, no 2, p. 27-37Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Tourism research has highlighted the negative consequences brought on by tourism development. As a way to address such impacts a proliferation of alternative approaches have emerged in the discourse projecting alternative ways to conduct and participate in tourism which provide greater benefits. A by-product of ecotourism and the Pro-Poor Tourism approach has applied fair trade principles to tourism. The aim of this paper is to explore the development and application of fair trade principles to the tourism industry by reviewing secondary data. The key research questions that this paper addresses are: What has been the impetus to identify and apply fair trade principles in the context of the tourism industry? What countries have gotten involved in Fair Trade Tourism? What are some of the implications, issues and concerns regarding the implementation of Fair Trade Tourism? The critical review of the Fair Trade Tourism concept identifies that tourism practitioners, academics and tourists must pause to reflect on this approach as a way to strive for better treatment of people and a way to eradicate poverty. As such, the author raises a number of key concerns regarding the rhetoric of fair trade and its various meanings, the implementation of fair trade as a poverty eradication mechanism, its context and effect.

  • 23.
    Boluk, Karla
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Revealing the discourses: white entrepreneurial motivation in black South Africa2011In: Tourism Planning and Development, ISSN 2156-8324, Vol. 8, no 2, p. 199-213Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The fundamental premise of social entrepreneurship is to use business knowledge to solve critical economic, social and environmental dilemmas facing a society. Social entrepreneurship is an emerging theme of inquiry in contemporary business, entrepreneurship, marketing and ethics literature. In effect, social entrepreneurs are concerned with making a “mission-related impact” which becomes their central concern. To date, there has been little attention given to the notion of social entrepreneurship in the discipline of tourism. Despite the lack of attention in tourism research there have been a number of significant social entrepreneurial contributions made to various communities in South Africa. Such contributions demonstrate the significance of change makers in the context of rural South Africa signifying progress in the country's new democracy. This paper is a consequence of two phases of field work in South Africa over a 10- month period. The paper discusses the motivational behaviour of six Fair Trade Tourism South Africa (FTTSA) entrepreneurs who have developed businesses with the intention of giving back to their South African communities. However, the study employed critical discourse analysis and in so doing it recognizes some of the inherent contradictions in informants' discourses based on their white privilege experienced during apartheid. Two aims focused on this exploration: 1) to seek information regarding entrepreneurial stimuli for involvement in social action, through FTTSA membership, and 2) to investigate FTTSA members' micro and macro discourses that inform their actions and behaviours.

  • 24.
    Boluk, Karla
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Using CSR as a tool for development: an investigation of the Fair Hotels Scheme in Ireland2013In: Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, ISSN 1528-008X, E-ISSN 1528-0098, Vol. 14, no 1, p. 49-65Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article explores an opportunity for the accommodation sector in Ireland to engage in Corporate Social Responsibility. The aim of this article is to investigate the Fair Hotels Ireland scheme and explore its potential to create social cohesion which may then influence the economic and social progress in both theory and praxis. The research question that supports the aim of this study is: has the Fair Hotels Ireland scheme created value and influenced consumer purchasing? To respond to this research question ten interviews were carried out with Fair Hotel managers in Ireland. A content analysis was used to examine the data. The results indicated that hotel managers noticed an increase in business as a consequence of their CSR and becoming a Fair Hotel; and the scheme was described as creating value for their hotel and staff. However, the managers had not noticed a significant difference in the level of employee satisfaction. © 2013 Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

  • 25.
    Boluk, Karla
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Pashkevich, Albina
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography. Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Tourism Studies.
    Exploring the discourses used to sell heritage in Sweden2013Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Heritage tourism is a form of niche tourism which has emerged as an alternative to mass tourism. However the discourses used to market some heritage products generally appeal to an elite group in society who are demanding. Thus heritage tourism is marketed and packaged in a way to appeal to an exclusive group who are interested in tailor-made products that provide some entertainment value. The aim of this paper is to investigate the marketing strategies and goals for tourism development, from the perspective of two World Heritage Sites (WHS) in Sweden including the Great Copper Mountain in Falun and the Old Church Town in Luleå. Accordingly, the discourses used to sell heritage in the context of Sweden are discussed. A mixed-methods approach was used by the authors to carry out this investigation. The results of the analysis revealed that the heritage presented in the two cases are marketed as exclusive and as such, preclude the participation of some individuals. Furthermore, it was established that enhanced communication between WHS products and Sweden and other tourism products would improve visitation.

  • 26. Book, Tommy
    et al.
    Stier, Jonas
    Mälardalens högskola, Institutionen för samhälls- och beteendevetenskap.
    Ghettot som geografisk, historisk och sociologisk företeelse2004Book (Refereed)
  • 27.
    Borgegård, Lars-Erik
    et al.
    Institutet för bostadsforskning (IBF).
    Fransson, Urban
    Institutet för byggforskning (IBF).
    Håkansson, Johan
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Tollefsen, Aina
    Kulturgeografiska institutionen.
    Att flytta till glesbygden1993Report (Other academic)
  • 28.
    Borgegård, Lars-Erik
    et al.
    Institutet för bostadsforskning (IBF).
    Håkansson, Johan
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Population and Housing Dynamics in a Metropolitan Region: The case of Stockholm1998Report (Other academic)
  • 29.
    Borgegård, Lars-Erik
    et al.
    Institutet för bostadsforskning (IBF).
    Håkansson, Johan
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Population Concentration and Dispersion in Sweden since the 1970s1997In: Population planning and policies / [ed] Borgegård, L-E., Findlay, A.M., Sondell, E., Umeå: Umeå Universitet , 1997Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 30.
    Borgegård, Lars-Erik
    et al.
    Institutet för bostadsforskning (IBF).
    Håkansson, Johan
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Spridning och koncentration av befolkningen i Sveriges kommuner 1973-19921995In: Då, Nu och sedan: Geografiska uppsatser till minnet av Ingvar Jonsson / [ed] Ian Layton, Umeå: Umeå Universitet , 1995, p. 127-141Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 31.
    Borgegård, Lars-Erik
    et al.
    Institutet för bostadsforskning (IBF).
    Håkansson, Johan
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Where is Sweden multi-Ethnic?: The geographical distribution of immigrants on municipality level 1960-19951998In: International conference  Housing in transition, Piran, Slovenia, Conference proceedings, 1998, p. 476-491Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 32.
    Borgegård, Lars-Erik
    et al.
    Institutet för bostadsforskning (IBF).
    Håkansson, Johan
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Malmberg, Gunnar
    Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen.
    Population redistribution in Sweden: long term trends and contemporary tendencies1995In: Geografiska Annaler. Series B, Human Geography, ISSN 0435-3684, E-ISSN 1468-0467, Vol. 77, no 1, p. 31-45Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 33.
    Borgegård, Lars-Erik
    et al.
    Institutet för bostadsforskning (IBF).
    Håkansson, Johan
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Müller, Dieter
    Kulturgeografiska institutionen.
    Concentration and Dispersion of Immigrants in Sweden, 1973-19921998In: The Canadian Geographer / Le Géographe canadien, ISSN 0008-3658, E-ISSN 1541-0064, Vol. 44, no 1, p. 28-39Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 34.
    Borgegård, Lars-Erik
    et al.
    Institutet för bostadsforskning (IBF).
    Håkansson, Johan
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Müller, Dieter
    Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen.
    Hur förändras bosättningsmönstret när invandrarna blir fler?1995In: Invandrare & Minoriteter, no 5, p. 29-33Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 35.
    Brandt, Daniel
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Turism och mobila informationssystem2009In: Astrid Lindgrens landskap : hur landskapets kulturarv förändras, förstås, förvaltas och förmedlas / [ed] Bohlin, Magnus, Vimmerby, 2009, Vol. 69, p. 113-126Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 36.
    Brandt, Daniel
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Wage determinants in the Swedish tourism sector 2002-20112015Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 37.
    Brandt, Daniel
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Human Geography.
    Alnyme, Omar
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Tourism Studies.
    Heldt, Tobias
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Tourism Studies.
    Building a spatial decision support system for tourism and infrastructure planning: technical solution and data integration challenges2022In: European Journal of Geography, ISSN 1792-1341, Vol. 13, no 1, p. 94-108Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Mobility planning in rural areas with a high number of tourists is important for creating sustainable destinations. By identifying mobility gaps in the transportation system, measures to improve the situation can be implemented. In order to identify such mobility gaps, decision-makers need a spatial decision support system (SDSS). The aim of this paper is to identify vital aspects of creating such an SDSS and to build a prototype. Two important aspects were identified, data and system design. The result of the analysis of available data shows a lack of data portals with disaggregated socio-economic and intradestination travel data. Further, it shows that data on points of interest (POI) and public transit data are primarily found in company databases. The system design analysis showed that most SDSS today are relying on public data and are not designed to integrate disparate data sources. They are primarily developed to be used by experts. Based on these findings an SDSS that automatically integrates both public and private data was developed. It comprises a self-hosted web mapping system and several geospatial tools. Our main conclusion is that both data and system design are important aspects to consider when building an SDSS for mobility planning. By using the architecture proposed in this article, new data can easily be incorporated in an SDSS. Furthermore, the system design also facilitates the involvement of stakeholders in the planning process. © 2022. by the authors. All Rights Reserved.

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    fulltext
  • 38.
    Brandt, Daniel
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Human Geography.
    Macuchova, Zuzana
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Human Geography.
    Regionala förutsättningar för att ställa om transportsystemet2022Report (Other academic)
  • 39.
    Brandt, Daniel
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Wikström, Daniel
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Statistics.
    Education and careers in the Swedish tourism sector: How important is education for building a successful career?2015Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 40. Braunerhielm, Lotta
    et al.
    Heldt Cassel, Susanna
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Berättelsedestinationer: Från Astrid Lindgrens ideallandskap till vandringar i deckarförfattarnas fotspår2009In: Astrid Lindgrens landskap : hur landskapets kulturarv förändras, förstås, förvaltas och förmedlas / [ed] Bohlin, Magnus, Vimmerby, 2009, Vol. 69, p. 101-112Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 41.
    Brehmer, Jana
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Tourism Studies. MidSweden University, Department of Economics, Geography, Law and Tourism, ETOUR.
    Heldt, Tobias
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Tourism Studies.
    Understanding challenges in studying visitor’s compliance to recreational funding models: Lessons learnt from a study of cross-country skiers in Sweden2023Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study is the first research output coming out from a newly launched project on Recreational mobility and trails in mountain destinations: Understanding Behavioural insights and New technology in relation to funding systems for high quality trails in a Swedish context, funded by the Swedish KK-foundation. The overall purpose is to analyse prerequisites for funding and management of trails as part of developing nature-based tourist destinations. This specific study looks at the challenge of understanding the consumer behaviour of tourists when it comes to the decision to contribute to trail funding by buying a trail pass and to understand if and how context of resort ownership, other visitors’ behaviour and the social norm, matters for the decision. With a quantitative approach and 346 filled in surveys we are sharing lessons learnt hwo to measure actual behaviour towards criticial questions.

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    Understanding challenges in studying visitor’s compliance to recreational funding models: lessons learnt from a study of cross-country skiers in Sweden
  • 42.
    Carling, Kenneth
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Statistics.
    Han, Mengjie
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Statistics.
    Håkansson, Johan
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Information Systems. Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Var ska sjukhusen ligga?2013In: Ekonomiska samfundets tidskrift, ISSN 0013-3183, E-ISSN 2323-1378, no 3, p. 165-171Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna artikel visar på en metod för att undersöka hur optimal befolkningens fysiska tillgänglighet till sjukvården är. Detta är relevant med tanke på den svenska storregionala omdaningen som säkerligen kommer provocera fram omprövningar av sjukhusens framtida placering.

    Med Dalarna som exempel fann vi att en ökning från dagens två till tre optimalt lokaliserade sjukhus skulle minska befolkningens genomsnittliga reseavstånd med 25 %.

    På basis av transportsektorns standardkalkyler för samhällsekonomisk effekter vid resande, samt av kostnader för drift av sjukvård sluter vi dessutom oss till att en komplettering av nuvarande två sjukhus i Dalarna med ett tredje vore samhällsekonomiskt effektivt.

  • 43.
    Carvalho, Ines
    et al.
    Univ Europeia, Fac Social Sci & Technol, Lisbon, Portugal.;Univ Aveiro, Res Unit Governance Competitiveness & Publ Polici, Aveiro, Portugal..
    Ramires, Ana
    Univ Europeia, Fac Social Sci & Technol, Lisbon, Portugal.;Inst Portugues Administracao Mkt IPAM Porto, Porto, Portugal..
    Bakas, Fiona
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Tourism Studies. Univ Aveiro, Portugal.;Lusofona Univ, Portugal.;Univ Aegean, Greece.;Univ Coimbra, Portugal.
    Who are the language tourists?: A factor-cluster analysis based on language-related attitudes, beliefs, and travel outcomes2022In: The international journal of tourism research, ISSN 1099-2340, E-ISSN 1522-1970, Vol. 25, no 1, p. 150-168Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Researching language tourism (where language learning is a primary or secondary motivation for the trip) is a growing field of interest as the importance of language within tourism experiences is recognized. Conceptually located at the intersection of cultural, youth, academic, and educational tourism, past research has focused on the analysis of tourists who travel to formally learn a language, missing out on an important number of tourists who travel to learn a language informally. To overcome this gap in research, cluster analysis of a sample of 1014 formal and informal language tourists was undertaken to segment them based on language-related attitudes, beliefs, and travel outcomes. Four clusters of language tourists were identified, called the Enthusiasts, the Devoted, the Pragmatists, and the Less-Committed. We propose that two axes are fundamental for characterizing and understanding language tourists, thus contributing to expand theory on language tourism.

  • 44.
    Cohen, Scott A
    et al.
    School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Faculty of Business, Economics and Law , University of Surrey, UK.
    Duncan, Tara
    Department of Tourism , University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand.
    Thulemark, Maria
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Lifestyle Mobilities: The Crossroads of Travel, Leisure and Migration2015In: Mobilities, ISSN 1745-0101, E-ISSN 1745-011X, Vol. 10, no 1, p. 155-172Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article examines how the mobilities paradigm intersects with physically moving as an ongoing lifestyle choice. We conceptualise a lens of ‘lifestyle mobilities’ that challenges discrete notions of and allows for a wider grasp of the increasing fluidity between travel, leisure and migration. We demonstrate how contemporary lifestyle-led mobility patterns contribute to and illustrate a breakdown in conventional binary divides between work and leisure, and a destabilisation of concepts of ‘home’ and ‘away’. We unpack issues of identity construction, belonging and place attachment associated with sustained corporeal mobility, and conclude by suggesting avenues for the further study of lifestyle mobilities.

  • 45. Cohen, Scott
    et al.
    Thulemark, Maria
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Duncan, Tara
    Conceptualising Lifestyle Mobilities2011Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Being corporeally mobile as a lifestyle is now influenced by and through transnational ties, technologies of transport, knowledge and information, and changing socio-cultural outlooks that often characterise the (re)formation of the everyday. As such, moving as and for lifestyle has become increasingly complex. We offer the term 'lifestyle mobilities' as a conceptual lens to challenge current thinking on the intersections between tourism and migration. Contemporary research on lifestyle migration largely addresses permanent and seasonal lifestyle relocation, which fails to grasp temporal complexities and ambiguities that are found in various experiences of lifestyle mobilities. Using the mobilities paradigm, we conceptually explore some of the ways in which lifestyle mobilities are subsuming binaries of work/leisure, home/away and here/there. We discuss how experiences of corporeal movement as lifestyle produce, and are produced by, multiple identities and cultural hybridities that are affecting how some individuals may (dis)connect with place.

  • 46. Cohen, Scott
    et al.
    Thulemark, Maria
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Geography.
    Duncan, Tara
    Lifestyle Mobilities: A conceptual focus2011Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    It has been suggested that mobilities is a key concept of contemporary society and the predominant way in which one engages with the world. At the same time, there has been a (re)focus on ideas of lifestyle within the social sciences. Consequently, there is a need to challenge current thinking about the corporeal organisation of movement to take into account the ambiguities and tensions that abound in the literature on both lifestyle and mobilities. This session seeks papers that highlight socio-cultural phenomena pertaining to lifestyle and mobility and invites papers that challenge existing thinking in these areas, including: - Negotiations of lifestyle and movement - Mobile methodologies - Affective possibilities and lifestyle - Mobility, lifestyle and tourism, recreation and/or leisure - Hybrid possibilities – migration/transnationalism/mobility - Cosmopolitanism, fluid identities and identity confusions - Moorings, movement and performance - Mobilities as the corporeal everyday - Lifestyle mobility and relationships to place

  • 47.
    Conti, Eugenio
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Tourism Studies.
    FOMO – Fear of Missing Out2022In: Encyclopedia of Tourism Management and Marketing / [ed] Buhalis, Dimitrios, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 48.
    Conti, Eugenio
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Tourism Studies.
    Guides as Forest Experience Co-creators: Lessons Learned at Fulufjället National Park, Sweden2021In: Managing Visitor Experiences in Nature-based Tourism / [ed] J. Albrecht, CABI Publishing, 2021Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter explores the role of tour guides as human experience brokers of naturalness in forest areas. After outlining conceptual discussions around the role and tasks of the guide as experience broker, empirical findings from Fulufjället National Park (Sweden) are presented, showing the guide as a pivotal forest experience co-creator. Implications are discussed, with particular emphasis on how the guide's personal valuations of the forest, background and personal aims are reflected in the guide's pathfinding, storytelling and staging strategies, and on how tourists are positively impacted by unexpected and different ways of valuing, mapping and interpreting the forest landscape.

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    fulltext
  • 49.
    Conti, Eugenio
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Tourism Studies.
    JOMO – Joy of Missing Out2022In: Encyclopedia of Tourism Management and Marketing, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 50.
    Conti, Eugenio
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Tourism Studies.
    Farsari, Ioanna
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Tourism Studies.
    Disconnection as a performative act in nature-based tourism experiences2021In: INVTUR2021 online Conference, University of Aveiro, Portugal, May 6-7 2021, 2021Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives 

    A large part of the growing body of literature on the use of ICTs  and mobile technologies in tourism has examined the adaption and embracement of mobile technologies in tourism and the impact it brings in tourist experiences, often in advocative approaches (Neuhofer, Buhalis & Ladkin, 2012; Buhalis & Foerste, 2015). Nevertheless, an increasing number of authors have been commenting on the disruptive character of these technologies with the research pointing to the tourists’ loss of sense of place, disengagement and alienation caused by the perceived invasiveness of technology on the overall nature-based experience (Silas et al. 2016, White & White 2007, Gretzel 2010, Tribe & Mkono 2017). Although trends related to disconnection have been acknowledged in the form of ‘digital detox’ and ‘digital switch-off’ holidays (Elmahdy, Haukeland & Fredman, 2017; Gretzel, 2014), a relatively limited number of studies has looked into tourists desire to “disconnect” from ICTs and mobile connectivity in nature-based tourist experience (Dickinson et al. 2016; Paris et al. 2015). Current research regarding connectedness and disconnectedness in tourism experiences has followed rather dualistic, dichotomising approaches. For example, research has looked into the enforced disconnectedness as experienced in “technology dead zones” or as deliberate disconnectedness in technology-free zones (Pearce and Gretzel 2012); or technology as a barrier or an opportunity in experiencing the natural environment (Dickinson et al 2016). Dickinson et al. discussed also the dilemma of ‘to use or not to use’ mobile technologies as a “double edge sword” (p. 196) as experienced by users in campsites.ICT and mobile technology use and value creation in nature-based experiences along with the negotiation of tourists’ connectivity is a relatively understudied topic which would require further investigation (Dickinson et al. 2016; Gundersen & Frivold 2008; Vespestad & Lindberg 2011).

    In this paper, we examine connectedness and disconnectedness in nature-based experiences as positions in a continuum. Instead of examining mobile technology use in nature-based activities as something inherently “good” or “bad” which either advances or destructs the experience, we try to understand the different positioning that tourists can have on a continuum, which embrace both disconnection and connectivity as performative valuing acts (Baka 2015). In doing so, we move from the dominant post-positivist approaches of technology (Munar et al. 2013), which are reflected on how connectivity and disconnection are investigated in nature-based tourism. By adopting a performative view, we examine how and why subjective ideas of disconnection and connection are constructed and performed within the tourist experience of natural areas. This could contribute to answering the question of how disconnection is subjectively negotiated with being connected (Dickinson et al. 2016; Neuhorfer 2016). 

    Methodology Qualitative, semi-structured interviews at international visitors in Fulufjället National Park, Sweden, was the method of data collection. Interviews took place right after their visit to the park and were recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed. A total of 36 interviewees were part of this research.

    Main Results and Contributions Preliminary analysis indicate that tourists seek for some control over their connectivity while outdoors in the park. Although a clear articulation of the need to disconnect has been expressed during interviews, this is negotiated from complete disconnectedness to partial one, allowing information, orientation and safety reasons to use it. Furthermore, this negotiated disconnectedness was found to form part of a broader disconnectedness from their every-day life. Disconnecting from their mobiles and technology act as a performance of their escapism from their ordinary lives and work. This is better understood as a performative act of disconnecting from ordinary life and connecting back to nature and the inner self.

    Limitations 

    This research builds on a limited number of interviews in a single case-study. Further research would be necessitated to explore further the findings. The findings offer also the ground for the development of further quantitative surveys.

    Conclusions 

    This research contributes to a rather understudied field, that of ICT and mobile connectivity use in nature-based experiences with empirical data from Sweden. The resulting knowledge contributes to a better understanding on the mediating role of ICTs as contributors or destructors in nature-based experiences and visitors value creation in these experiences. At a theoretical level, the research introduces the notion of a continuum in connectedness/disconnectedness in nature-based activities and the understanding of it as a performative act.

    References 

    Baka, V. (2015). Understanding valuing devices in tourism through “place-making”. Valuation Studies, 3(2), 149-180.

    Buhalis, D., & Foerste, M. (2015). SoCoMo marketing for travel and tourism: Empowering co-creation of value. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 4(3), 151-161.

    Dickinson, J. E., Hibbert, J. F., & Filimonau, V. (2016). Mobile technology and the tourist experience: (Dis)connection at the campsite. Tourism Management, 57, 193–201

    Elmahdy, Y. M., Haukeland, J. V., & Fredman, P. (2017). Tourism megatrends, a literature review focused on nature-based tourism. MINA fagrapport 32, Norwegian University of Life Sciences.

    Gretzel, U. (2010). Travel in the network: Redirected gazes, ubiquitous connections and new frontiers. Post-global network and everyday life, 41–58.

    Gretzel, U. (2014). Travel Unplugged: The case of Lord Howe Island, Australia. In Proceedings of the TTRA Canada annual conference. Yellowknife, Canada, september 24–26. 

    Gundersen, V. S., & Frivold, L. H. (2008). Public preferences for forest structures: a review of quantitative surveys from Finland, Norway and Sweden. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 7(4), 241-258.

    Munar, A. M., Gyimóthy, S., & Cai, L. (Eds.) (2013). Tourism social media: Transformations in identity, community and culture. Emerald Group Publishing.

    Neuhofer, B., Buhalis, D. & Ladkin, A., (2012). Conceptualising technology enhanced destination experiences. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 1(1-2), 36-46.

    Neuhofer, B. (2016). Value co-creation and co-destruction in connected tourist experiences. In Information and communication technologies in tourism 2016 (pp. 779-792). Springer, Cham. 

    Silas, E., Løvlie, A. S., & Ling, R. (2016). The smartphone’s role in the contemporary backpacking experience. Networking Knowledge: Journal of the MeCCSA Postgraduate Network, 9(6), 40–55.

    Tribe, J., & Mkono, M. (2017). Not such smart tourism? The concept of e-lienation. Annals of Tourism Research, 66, 105–115.

    Vespestad, M. K., & Lindberg, F. (2011). Understanding nature-based tourist experiences: An ontological analysis. Current Issues in Tourism, 14(6), 563-580.

    White, N. R., & White, P. B. (2007). Home and away: Tourists in a connected world. Annals of Tourism Research, 34(1), 88–104.

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