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  • 1.
    Aalhuizen, Therése
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Caring Science/Nursing.
    Eriksson, Per
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Caring Science/Nursing.
    Språkbarriärer och tolkanvändning i vården ur sjuksköterskans perspektiv: En litteraturöversikt2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: During 2014 over 200 different languages were spoken in Sweden, and by the end of 2017 approximately 20 % of the population was foreign born. 110 000 healthcare injuries, many of them due to failure in communication were reported by the nursing association (2017). The evident language barriers create a lack of trust and confidence between patient and nurse. To overcome the identified language barriers interpreters have become a necessary tool in order to exchange information and create a trusting relationship between patients and nurses.

    Aim: To explore the nurses experiences and perceptions of existing language barriers and the use of interpreters within healthcare.

    Method: A literature review of fifteen scientific articles. These were identified in the databases PubMed and Cinahl through searches for relevant articles with appropriate keywords.

    Results: Nurses consider language barriers to be the biggest obstacle to good communication, which often lead to misunderstandings and misinterpretations. The identified problem of communication is experienced as time consuming and the nurses perceive more planning to be needed when dealing with patients with a different mother tongue. Furthermore, it presents a severe challenge to maintain good care and establish an understanding of the patient’s story. Nurses prefer to use an interpreter on site, however interpreters by phone are more accessible. More than one underlying cause is linked to nurse’s skepticism to use interpreters. To mention one many nurses doubt the accuracy of the interpretation. Moreover, nurses acknowledge their need of further training and education in the use of interpreters.

    Conclusion: The result identified is based upon nurse’s first hand experiences of language barriers and the use of interpreters. The literature review has provided insightful knowledge and increased the understanding of language barriers and the use of interpreters in health care. The research will be an asset in future careers and provide help in overcoming set problem.

  • 2.
    Aallos, Saana
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Tourism Studies.
    Härkönen, Tanja
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Tourism Studies.
    Customer value creation in technology based restaurant experiences: Case study in the mobile application restaurant: Pincho’s2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In the restaurant industry, there is a growing interest in applying technology as part of the service process. However, the constant development of technological innovations does not always meet the demand and therefore it would be important to empirically study how the technology based dining experiences are perceived by the customer. Accordingly, collecting information on how the service quality is perceived when technology is playing a major role during the restaurant experience is important, since such research has not been conducted before. Hereby, the aim of this research paper is to examine restaurant experiences from the customer point of view, in which the role of service personnel is reduced due to implementation of a mobile application. In order to achieve this aim, the objective is to identify what creates value for the customers in a mobile application generated dining experience. Thus, following research questions were stated: How does the customers perceive the service quality in a mobile application generated dining experience? and What are the advantages and disadvantages for the customer to use mobile application for the service delivery during the dining experience?

    The research used explanatory sequential mixed methods. Primarily, the researchers performed collection and analysis of quantitative data. Additionally, to get a profound interpretation of the research topic, qualitative data was gathered and analyzed. Thereafter, the qualitative data was used for explaining the quantitative findings more in detail. For the sake of this, the research questions were divided correspondingly one for each method. Findings from the descriptive quantitative analysis, indicated that the use of mobile application for the service delivery was mostly positively perceived. Additionally, discourse analysis was conducted from 812 Pincho’s associated TripAdvisor online reviews. The review findings provided more detailed opinions of the customers’ experiences in their own words and brought up possible advantages and disadvantages.

    The research findings can provide a small contribution to the knowledge of technology based restaurant experiences. However, as the researchers collected only a small amount of primary data, the validity of the results is limited. Additionally, using online reviews is a highly subjective method and consequently has its shortcomings. Therefore, in order to gain thorough understanding of mobile application generated dining experiences, the phenomenon should be further examined in a larger scale. Together with this, it would be intriguing to conduct a questionnaire based survey in all the Pincho’s restaurants and more specifically examine overall satisfaction of the customers.

  • 3.
    Aalto-Hardy, Annette
    Dalarna University, School of Languages and Media Studies, French.
    Les influences françaises dans la Russie tsariste: sur les réformes culturelles, sociales et politiques2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [fr]

    Le mémoire traite de l’influence des idées françaises des Lumières sur la Russie et son évolution, notamment sociale, politique et culturelle. Cette étude est concentrée sur les deux tsars les plus célèbres et leur règne respectifs, Pierre Ier le Grand et Catherine II la Grande puisqu’ils ont été à l’origine de la plupart des réformes. Une description de la Russie avant l'époque de Pierre Ier et du siècle des Lumières, ses philosophes et ses idées fondamentales, est aussi présentée. Le mémoire se termine par une brève discussion sur les réformes essentielles faites dans la Russie tsariste.

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  • 4.
    AAMIR, ZEESHAN
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Computer Engineering.
    Developing a Communication link between Agents and cross Platform IDE2010Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The main objective of this thesis work is to develop communication link between Runrev Revolution (IDE) and JADE (Multi-Agent System) through Socket programming using TCP/IP layer. These two independent platforms are connected using socket programming technique. Socket programming is considered to be newly emerging technology among these two platforms, the work done in this thesis work is considered to be a prototype. A Graphical simulation model is developed by salixphere (Company in Hedemora) to simulate logistic problems using Runrev Revolution (IDE). The simulation software/program is called “BIOSIM”. The logistic problems are complex, and conventional optimization techniques are unlikely very successful. “BIOSIM” can demonstrate the graphical representation of logistic problems depending upon the problem domains. As this simulation model is developed in revolution programming language (Transcript) which is dynamically typed and English-like language, it is quite slow compared to other high level programming languages. The object of this thesis work is to add intelligent behaviour in graphical objects and develop communication link between Runrev revolution (IDE) and JADE (Multi-Agent System) using TCP/IP layers. The test shows the intelligent behaviour in the graphical objects and successful communication between Runrev Revolution (IDE) and JADE (Multi-Agent System).

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  • 5.
    Aanstoot, Janna
    Dalarna University, School of Language, Literatures and Learning, Swedish as Second Language.
    Att mäta progression i svenska som andraspråkstexter2023Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Studiens syfte är att analysera hur texter skrivna av studenter i svenska som andraspråk på B-nivå förändras kvantitativt och kvalitativt över tid under sina studier vid Korta vägen, en uppdragsutbildningpå universitet och studieförbund beställd av Arbetsförmedlingen. Nio deltagare producerade en text i början av utbildningen och en i slutet av utbildningen och dessa texter analyserades med avseende på totalt antal ord, medellängd på meningarna (ord/mening = MLM), kvotbisatser vs huvudsatser samt andel felaktiga och svårbedömda satser. Resultatet visar att förändringen av antalet ord bedöms som signifikant på gruppnivå med en effektstorlek på mediumnivå (>0,5) (Cohen’s d = 0,511) mellan den första och andra texten. Vad gäller förändringen av medellängd på meningar över tid bedöms denna som signifikant på lägsta nivå (<0,2) (Cohen’s d =0,367). Den största förändringen som visar sig i studien är dock andelen bisatser vs huvudsatser där effektstorlek bedöms som stor (>0,8) och högst signifikant (Cohen’s d = 1,677). De kvalitativa lingvistiska fel som studenterna gjort har klassificerats i nio kategorier: 1. felaktig interpunktion, 2. problem med svensk ordföljd, 3. adverb uppfattas felaktigt som bisatsinledare, 4. bisats står ensam, 5. bisatsinledaren behärskas inte så studenten gör två huvudsatser, 6. behövlig satsdel saknas, 7. fasta uttryck behärskas inte grammatiskt, 8. inskjutning av ord som inte följer svensk syntax, 9. betydelsen av satsen är svårtolkad. I diskussionen anknyts till Bulté och Housens (2012) modell över språklig komplexitet samt processbarhetsteorin (Pienemann & Håkansson, 1999). Slutsatsen är att både längd och bisatser är en viktig del av progressionen i studenters andraspråkstexter men att kvalitativa felanalyser fortfarande krävs för att bedöma förändringens kvalitet.

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  • 6. Aarnio, A
    et al.
    Johansson, Sverker
    Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Ämnesforskning.
    Measurement of the mass and width of the Zo particle from multihadron final states produced in e+e--annihilations1989In: Physics Letters, no 231, p. p 539-Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 7. Aarnio, A
    et al.
    Johansson, Sverker
    Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Ämnesforskning.
    Study of the hadronic decays of the Zo boson1990In: Physics Letters, no 240, p. p 271-Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 8. Aarnio, A
    et al.
    Johansson, Sverker
    Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Ämnesforskning.
    Study of the leptonic decays of the Zo boson1990In: Physics Letters, no 241, p. p 425-Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 9. Aartsen, Marja
    et al.
    Valtorta, Nicole
    Dahlberg, Lena
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Social Work.
    van Regenmortel, Sofie
    Waldegrave, Charles
    Corrigan, Trudy
    Exclusion from social relations in later life: Briefing paper2018Report (Other academic)
  • 10.
    Aarvaag, Evalinda
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Resource Management.
    Lindroth, Linda
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Human Resource Management.
    Konflikter, ogräs eller frön?: Arbetsplatskonflikter utifrån ett ledarskapsperspektiv2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The authors' joint commitment conflicts produced the idea to study highly-regarded leaders' perspective on workplace conflicts and their constructive resolution. Basically there was a curiosity about how such leaders resolve conflicts so effectively.

    Workplace conflicts are a major part of a leader´s time at work. While probably unavoidable, how conflicts are handled is crucial for the growth and development of an organization and its employees. There has been practical conflict management research from a leadership perspective, but the studies have had a quantitative focus. This study aims to examine the various ways respected managers address and resolve workplace conflicts. The study seeks to answer the following questions: What kinds of workplace conflict exist in an organization? What are the critical factors in conflicts? How are conflicts viewed constructive/destructive? What is a leader's role when managing/resolving workplace conflict? What abilities and qualities have leaders who manage conflict effectively?

    The study is based on a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews. The material was thematic and coded. Results were analysed using the theoretical framework. The empirical data was analysed using Rahims (2002) theory of conflict management. Building on the results, the model which has been developed will be presented at the study’s conclusion.

    The study's analysis reveals that leaders who deal with conflicts constructively mastered the three main areas of concern, depending on the situation. These are people-oriented, task-oriented, and learning- and culture-oriented. The study's results also revealed that evasive and/or dominant leadership in particular creates barrier store solving conflict.

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  • 11. Aasheim, V
    et al.
    Waldenström, U
    Hjelmstedt, A
    Rasmussen, S
    Pettersson, H
    Schytt, Erica
    Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Associations between advanced maternal age and psychological distress in primiparous women, from early pregnancy to 18 months postpartum2012In: British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ISSN 1470-0328, E-ISSN 1471-0528, Vol. 119, no 9, p. 1108-16Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Please cite this paper as: Aasheim V, Waldenström U, Hjelmstedt A, Rasmussen S, Pettersson H, Schytt E. Associations between advanced maternal age and psychological distress in primiparous women, from early pregnancy to 18 months postpartum. BJOG 2012;119:1108-1116. Objective  To investigate if advanced maternal age at first birth increases the risk of psychological distress during pregnancy at 17 and 30 weeks of gestation and at 6 and 18 months after birth. Design  National cohort study. Setting  Norway. Sample  A total of 19 291 nulliparous women recruited between 1999 and 2008 from hospitals and maternity units. Methods  Questionnaire data were obtained from the longitudinal Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, and register data from the national Medical Birth Register. Advanced maternal age was defined as ≥32 years and a reference group of women aged 25-31 years was used for comparisons. The distribution of psychological distress from 20 to ≥40 years was investigated, and the prevalence of psychological distress at the four time-points was estimated. Logistic regression analyses based on generalised estimation equations were used to investigate associations between advanced maternal age and psychological distress. Main outcome measures  Psychological distress measured by SCL-5. Results  Women of advanced age had slightly higher scores of psychological distress over the period than the reference group, also after controlling for obstetric and infant variables. The youngest women had the highest scores. A history of depression increased the risk of distress in all women. With no history of depression, women of advanced age were not at higher risk. Changes over time were similar between groups and lowest at 6 months. Conclusion  Women of 32 years and beyond had slightly increased risk of psychological distress during pregnancy and the first 18 months of motherhood compared with women aged 25-31 years.

  • 12. Abarca-Goméz, Leandra
    et al.
    Abdeen, Ziad A
    Abdul Hamid, Zargar
    Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M
    Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin
    Acuin, Cecilia
    Adams, Robert J
    Aekplakorn, Wichai
    Forsner, Maria
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Caring Science/Nursing.
    Ezzati, Majid
    Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128·9 million children, adolescents, and adults.2017In: The Lancet, ISSN 0140-6736, E-ISSN 1474-547X, Vol. 390, no 10113, p. 2627-2642Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI categories that cover underweight to obesity in children and adolescents, and to compare trends with those of adults.

    METHODS: We pooled 2416 population-based studies with measurements of height and weight on 128·9 million participants aged 5 years and older, including 31·5 million aged 5-19 years. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1975 to 2016 in 200 countries for mean BMI and for prevalence of BMI in the following categories for children and adolescents aged 5-19 years: more than 2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference for children and adolescents (referred to as moderate and severe underweight hereafter), 2 SD to more than 1 SD below the median (mild underweight), 1 SD below the median to 1 SD above the median (healthy weight), more than 1 SD to 2 SD above the median (overweight but not obese), and more than 2 SD above the median (obesity).

    FINDINGS: Regional change in age-standardised mean BMI in girls from 1975 to 2016 ranged from virtually no change (-0·01 kg/m2 per decade; 95% credible interval -0·42 to 0·39, posterior probability [PP] of the observed decrease being a true decrease=0·5098) in eastern Europe to an increase of 1·00 kg/m2 per decade (0·69-1·35, PP>0·9999) in central Latin America and an increase of 0·95 kg/m2 per decade (0·64-1·25, PP>0·9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. The range for boys was from a non-significant increase of 0·09 kg/m2 per decade (-0·33 to 0·49, PP=0·6926) in eastern Europe to an increase of 0·77 kg/m2 per decade (0·50-1·06, PP>0·9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. Trends in mean BMI have recently flattened in northwestern Europe and the high-income English-speaking and Asia-Pacific regions for both sexes, southwestern Europe for boys, and central and Andean Latin America for girls. By contrast, the rise in BMI has accelerated in east and south Asia for both sexes, and southeast Asia for boys. Global age-standardised prevalence of obesity increased from 0·7% (0·4-1·2) in 1975 to 5·6% (4·8-6·5) in 2016 in girls, and from 0·9% (0·5-1·3) in 1975 to 7·8% (6·7-9·1) in 2016 in boys; the prevalence of moderate and severe underweight decreased from 9·2% (6·0-12·9) in 1975 to 8·4% (6·8-10·1) in 2016 in girls and from 14·8% (10·4-19·5) in 1975 to 12·4% (10·3-14·5) in 2016 in boys. Prevalence of moderate and severe underweight was highest in India, at 22·7% (16·7-29·6) among girls and 30·7% (23·5-38·0) among boys. Prevalence of obesity was more than 30% in girls in Nauru, the Cook Islands, and Palau; and boys in the Cook Islands, Nauru, Palau, Niue, and American Samoa in 2016. Prevalence of obesity was about 20% or more in several countries in Polynesia and Micronesia, the Middle East and north Africa, the Caribbean, and the USA. In 2016, 75 (44-117) million girls and 117 (70-178) million boys worldwide were moderately or severely underweight. In the same year, 50 (24-89) million girls and 74 (39-125) million boys worldwide were obese.

    INTERPRETATION: The rising trends in children's and adolescents' BMI have plateaued in many high-income countries, albeit at high levels, but have accelerated in parts of Asia, with trends no longer correlated with those of adults.

    FUNDING: Wellcome Trust, AstraZeneca Young Health Programme.

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  • 13.
    Abatescianni, Marco Lorenzo
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society.
    Sorcery and Spiritual Hegemony in Africa2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In Africa, the spiritual power is at the center of everyday life, politics and religion. Whatcharacterizes this power, in most of the continent, is its recourse to magic and sorcery. This thesisintends to to understand, if and how, the manipulation of a magical and spiritual reality, might havehelped a dominant power in exercising an hegemonic control. Or on the contrary, to dismantle it.The analysis will focus on two main sources: an ethnographic work based in Congo and a medievalepic set in West Africa.

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  • 14. Abbas, A.
    et al.
    Avdic, Anders
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Information Systems.
    Xiaobao, P.
    Zhao, S. L.
    Chong, R.
    Strategic framework of collaboration in knowledge transfer of high-tech industries2018In: Quality - Access to Success, ISSN 1582-2559, E-ISSN 2069-2242, Vol. 19, no 163, p. 74-80Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 15. Abbas, A.
    et al.
    Faiz, A.
    Fatima, A.
    Avdic, Anders
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Information Systems. Örebro University.
    Reasons for the failure of government IT projects in Pakistan: A contemporary study2017In: 2017 International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management, IEEE conference proceedings, 2017Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    After the introduction of information technology (IT), the government needs to take the initiative to start IT projects for the automation of government process to the citizen. Statistics show that a high number of government IT projects fail and only 15 percent e-government projects are successful. In this study, we will answer this research question, what are the reasons for failure of IT projects in the government sector organization in Pakistan and how to overcome these issues? This research was conducted through a literature review, 20 articles from journals and conferences were selected through keywords for the period of ten years from 2003 to 2013. For suggestions, we have followed the same structured search procedure. We found and select articles with our keywords, after reading abstract and conclusion. Our study has described four factors for the failure of IT projects in government sector organizations in Pakistan. These factors are Technology, Management, Politics and Finance. The technology factor can be reduced by providing latest ICT infrastructure with an expert to run and maintain it. Management issues can be resolved by hiring an experienced, skilled and highly motivated project manager to complete a project successfully. Government should make new laws and regulations to help the implementation of these projects and bureaucracy should eliminate any power struggle during and after the implementation. The budget should be allocated before the start of the project to complete it on time. Our research study has provided guidelines to policy makers for automation of government organizations in Pakistan. By considering these suggestions, successful government projects can be achieved.

  • 16. Abbas, Asad
    et al.
    Anam, Fatima
    Sunguh, Khavwandiza
    Avdic, Anders
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Information Systems.
    Zhang, Xuehe
    Digital rights management system in China: Challenges and Opportunities2018In: Journal of Cases on Information Technology, ISSN 1548-7717, E-ISSN 1548-7725, Vol. 20, no 1Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 17.
    Abbas, Asad
    et al.
    School of Public Affairs, University of Science and Technology of China.
    Avdic, Anders
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Information Systems.
    Chong, Ren
    School of Public Affairs, University of Science and Technology of China.
    Framework of Collaboration in Knowledge Transfer of High Technology Industries2018In: Quality - Access to Success, ISSN 1582-2559, E-ISSN 2069-2242, Vol. 19, no 163Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose - The concept of Triple Helix relates to collaboration between universities, governments and industry. Such collaboration can take different forms in different countries. This paper examines collaboration between universities and industry in China, specifically in the city of Hefei in Anhui province, one of the most rapidly developing regions in the country. In so doing, it seeks to address the research question: How does industry collaborate with universities in order to acquire commercialized knowledge?

    Design/ Methodology/ Approach - The study is qualitative, based on interviews with experts in R & D, and Intellectual Property Rights from high-tech companies based in Hefei. We analyzed our findings using a conceptual framework that focuses on Knowledge Transfer and Innovation Diffusion (Liyanage et al, 2012). Our study describes and discusses the entire process, from an initial awareness of new knowledge to its eventual acquisition.

    Findings and implications - We conclude that Chinese high-tech companies design comprehensive strategies for the acquisition of knowledge generated from external sources. These strategies are based on local, provincial and state government industrial policies that aim to support collaboration with universities and implement external knowledge in existing systems.

    Originality - Commercialized knowledge put into practice by industries for their own innovation and commercial purposes.

    Limitation - We interviewed industrial experts from three high-tech companies in the city of Hefei, which is located in an industrial area of Anhui province.

  • 18.
    Abbas, Asad
    et al.
    School of Public Affairs, University of Science and Technology of China.
    Avdic, Anders
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Information Systems.
    Chang Barker, Katherine
    School of Public Affairs, University of Science and Technology of China.
    Xiaobao, Peng
    School of Public Affairs, University of Science and Technology of China.
    Process of knowledge transfer from universities to industry through the University of Technology Transfer Offices in China: The case of Anhui province2018In: Science and Innovation, ISSN 2409-9066, Vol. 14, no 2, p. 5-18Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction. This paper focuses on knowledge generation and the way in which it is transferred from universities to industry. Most well reputed universities have several departments and university-run enterprises that engage in research. The purpose of these research units is to help universities provide breakthrough innovation through the generation of new knowledge.

    Problem Statement. For this we chose to study China's University Technology Transfer Offices (UTTOs) to gather concrete evidence of university knowledge generation for commercial use in industry. The objective of this study is get indepth information about the role of UTTOs in the transfer of such knowledge.Purpose. The generation of new knowledge contributes to the field of science and technology; in turn, industry can use this knowledge to produce new innovative products or improve existing ones. This study aims to identify the process of knowledge transfer from universities to industry in China.

    Materials and Methods. Our study was carried out as a qualitative case study in the Anhui province of China. Data was mainly collected through semi-structured interviews with technology transfer experts working in technology transfer offices. Collected data were analyzed using a knowledge transfer model with six phases: 1) awareness, 2) acquisition, 3) transformation, 4) association, 5) application, and 6) feedback.

    Results. In China, universities and their research groups dominate in the generation and commercialization of research results, with UTTOs acting as technology bridges between the two parties, as well as providing legal and business services.

    Conclusions. This paper contributes by offering a detailed description of the knowledge transfer process and specifically the role and activities of UTTOs. This research also helps Chinese and international researchers currently carrying out research on the technology transfer process in China.

  • 19. Abbas, Asad
    et al.
    Avdic, Anders
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Information Systems.
    Xiaobao, Peng
    Ming, Wan
    University-government collaboration for the generation and commercialization of new knowledge for use in industry2019In: Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, ISSN 2530-7614, E-ISSN 2444-569X, Vol. 4, no 1, p. 23-31Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The concept of Triple Helix relates to collaboration between universities, governments and industry. Such collaboration can take different forms in different countries. This paper describes collaboration between universities and government in China, specifically in the city of Hefei in Anhui province, one of the most rapidly developing regions in the country. The research question is: How can bi-lateral research collaboration be a source of knowledge generation and commercialization for use in industry?

    The study is qualitative, involving individual and group interviews with university team leaders and team members from successful projects. Government representatives in China were also interviewed. We used the SECI knowledge creation method to analyze the findings. We also describe the collaboration process from idea and application through to review, funding, realization and commercialization. Our study shows that the government in China plays a dominant role in the process of knowledge creation and commercialization. We conclude that collaboration is a source of new knowledge generation and that the government plays a key role by funding universities and creating a research environment that meets the policy requirements of industry today. In particular, we show that universities and their research groups use resources, such as skilled manpower, laboratories and equipment, to accomplish tasks within a set timeframe.

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  • 20.
    Abd Alrahman, Chadi
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Electrical Engineering.
    Evaluation of a PVT Air Collector2015Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) collectors are an emerging technology that

    combines PV and solar thermal systems in a single solar collector producing heat and

    electricity simultaneously. The focus of this thesis work is to evaluate the performance of

    unglazed open loop PVT air system integrated on a garage roof in Borlänge. As it is

    thought to have a significant potential for preheating ventilation of the building and

    improving the PV modules electrical efficiency. The performance evaluation is important

    to optimize the cooling strategy of the collector in order to enhance its electrical efficiency

    and maximize the production of thermal energy. The evaluation process involves

    monitoring the electrical and thermal energies for a certain period of time and investigating

    the cooling effect on the performance through controlling the air mass flow provided by a

    variable speed fan connected to the collector by an air distribution duct. The distribution

    duct transfers the heated outlet air from the collector to inside the building.

    The PVT air collector consists of 34 Solibro CIGS type PV modules (115 Wp for each

    module) which are roof integrated and have replaced the traditional roof material. The

    collector is oriented toward the south-west with a tilt of 29 ᵒ. The collector consists of 17

    parallel air ducts formed between the PV modules and the insulated roof surface. Each air

    duct has a depth of 0.05 m, length of 2.38 m and width of 2.38 m. The air ducts are

    connected to each other through holes. The monitoring system is based on using T-type

    thermocouples to measure the relevant temperatures, air sensor to measure the air mass

    flow. These parameters are needed to calculate the thermal energy. The monitoring system

    contains also voltage dividers to measure the PV modules voltage and shunt resistance to

    measure the PV current, and AC energy meters which are needed to calculate the

    produced electrical energy. All signals recorded from the thermocouples, voltage dividers

    and shunt resistances are connected to data loggers. The strategy of cooling in this work

    was based on switching the fan on, only when the difference between the air duct

    temperature (under the middle of top of PV column) and the room temperature becomes

    higher than 5 °C. This strategy was effective in term of avoiding high electrical

    consumption by the fan, and it is recommended for further development. The temperature

    difference of 5 °C is the minimum value to compensate the heat losses in the collecting

    duct and distribution duct.

    The PVT air collector has an area of (Ac=32 m2), and air mass flow of 0.002 kg/s m2.

    The nominal output power of the collector is 4 kWppv (34 CIGS modules with 115

    Wppvfor each module). The collector produces thermal output energy of 6.88 kWth/day

    (0.21 kWth/m2 day) and an electrical output energy of 13.46 kWhel/day (0.42 kWhel/m2

    day) with cooling case. The PVT air collector has a daily thermal energy yield of 1.72

    kWhth/kWppv, and a daily PV electrical energy yield of 3.36 kWhel /kWppv. The fan energy

    requirement in this case was 0.18 kWh/day which is very small compared to the electrical

    energy generated by the PV collector. The obtained thermal efficiency was 8 % which is

    small compared to the results reported in literature for PVT air collectors. The small

    thermal efficiency was due to small operating air mass flow. Therefore, the study suggests

    increasing the air mass flow by a factor of 25. The electrical efficiency was fluctuating

    around 14 %, which is higher than the theoretical efficiency of the PV modules, and this

    discrepancy was due to the poor method of recording the solar irradiance in the location.

    Due to shading effect, it was better to use more than one pyranometer.

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  • 21.
    Abdalle Hussein, Suaado
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Caring Science/Nursing.
    Moreira, Melissa Silva
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Caring Science/Nursing.
    Äldre personers och anhörigas upplevelser av besök på akutmottagningar: en litteraturöversikt2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background.  Older people currently constitute the largest patient group visiting emergency departments worldwide and are often accompanied by carers and/or relatives. The aging part of the population is increasing which leads to a greater strain on the health care system. While emergency departments offer acute care services to the general population, they are not well suited for the particular needs of older people and their relatives. Being aware of the issues older people and their relatives face during visits to the emergency department can help to deliver better suited care for this growing part of the population.  Aim. The aim of this literature review is to investigate older peoples’ and relatives’ experiences of visiting emergency departments.  Methods. The method of this study is a literature review of 14 articles from Australia, Europe, North America and South America. The databases used to find the articles were CINAHL and PubMed. Results. Results were divided into positive and negative themes. The six negative themes that emerged were: Lack of communication; Lack of patient involvement; Long waiting times; Lack of attentiveness; Inadequate physical environment and inadequate management of needs and symptoms. The positive theme that emerged was that emergency departments as reliable and easily accessible health care facilities. Conclusions. Older people and their relatives see their emergency department experience as mostly negative, exposing a need for better communication practices, positive person-centred interactions between health care staff and patients as well as their relatives and changes to the physical environment and health care system of the emergency department.

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  • 22.
    Abdel Rahman, Assem
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Energy and Environmental Technology.
    Electrical Evaluation of a Low Concentrating PVT Collector Based on Performance Ratio2015Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Photovoltaic Thermal/Hybrid collectors are an emerging technology that combines PV

    and solar thermal collectors by producing heat and electricity simultaneously. In this paper,

    the electrical performance evaluation of a low concentrating PVT collector was done

    through two testing parts: power comparison and performance ratio testing. For the

    performance ratio testing, it is required to identify and measure the factors affecting the

    performance ratio on a low concentrating PVT collector. Factors such as PV cell

    configuration, collector acceptance angle, flow rate, tracking the sun, temperature

    dependence and diffuse to irradiance ratio.

    Solarus low concentrating PVT collector V12 was tested at Dalarna University in Sweden

    using the electrical equipment at the solar laboratory. The PV testing has showed

    differences between the two receivers. Back2 was producing 1.8 energy output more than

    Back1 throughout the day. Front1 and Front2 were almost the same output performance.

    Performance tests showed that the cell configuration for Receiver2 with cells grouping (6-

    32-32-6) has proved to have a better performance ratio when to it comes to minimizing

    the shading effect leading to more output power throughout the day because of lowering

    the mismatch losses. Different factors were measured and presented in this thesis in

    chapter 5.

    With the current design, it has been obtained a peak power at STC of 107W per receiver.

    The solar cells have an electrical efficiency of approximately 19% while the maximum

    measured electrical efficiency for the collector was approximately 18 % per active cell area,

    in addition to a temperature coefficient of -0.53%/ ˚C. Finally a recommendation was

    done to help Solarus AB to know how much the electrical performance is affected during

    variable ambient condition and be able to use the results for analyzing and introducing

    new modification if needed.

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  • 23.
    Abdelmageed, Rana
    Dalarna University, School of Information and Engineering.
    The implementation of a solar photovoltaic park with potential energy storage on SSAB's industrial area and its impact onthe internal electricity system2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The global push for increased renewable energy in power production is reshaping how industries approach energy systems. As the urgency to combat climate change grows, industries are integrating alternative power pathways alongside existing systems. This shift is driven by factors such as renewable energy adoption, energy storage advances, decentralization, electrification, circular economy principles, regulatory support, sustainability goals, and technological progress. These changes not only yield economic benefits but also enhance environmental and social impact. Integrating alternative pathways necessitates strategic planning, optimization, and a phased approach for seamless integration. Through these transformations, industries position themselves as sustainability leaders, align with climate goals, and ensure long-term energy security.

    The proposed implementation of a photovoltaic (PV) system at SSAB's steel production plant in Borlänge, specifically for forming line 4's electricity needs, will have a positive impact. This integration introduces renewable energy generation, offsetting the load and reducing reliance on the grid during peak hours, potentially leading to lower costs. It aligns with SSAB's environmental goals by curbing emissions, bolsters energy resilience, and aiding peak demand management. However, challenges in grid integration and infrastructure adjustments must be addressed for successful implementation. Overall, this move embodies SSAB's commitment to sustainability and efficient operations. 

    Through the utilization of simulation tools such as PVsyst and Homer Pro, an extensive study was conducted to investigate diverse scenarios involving combinations of a PV system, hydrogen modules, batteries, and a grid-connected load. The primary aim was to assess the feasibility of these scenarios within the energy system context. By leveraging PVsyst's capabilities for photovoltaic system analysis and Homer Pro's system optimization features, the study comprehensively examines interactions between electricity generation, storage, and consumption. This simulation-driven approach provided valuable insights into the performance dynamics, energy balance, and economic viability of each configuration, aiding in the informed selection of optimal combinations that align with the project's feasibility objectives.

    The results obtained suggest that the ideal size for the PV system in this context is 2.7 MW, allowing for an annual energy generation of 2.5 GWh. The electricity output aligns well with the yearly demand of 2.4 GWh for Forming Line 4

    The results from different scenarios offer valuable insights into how integrating renewable energy and incorporating energy storage affect the overall efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the system. Each scenario was assessed in comparison to the base case of grid connection, uncovering a spectrum of LCOE values. It is noteworthy that the highest LCOE, reaching 0.12 €/kWh, was observed when all renewable resources were combined, whereas the lowest LCOE, at 0.059 €/kWh, was achieved with the PV system-only configuration.

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  • 24.
    Abdelzadeh, Ali
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete.
    Den missnöjda demokraten: Ungas politiska missnöje och engagemang i en tid av förändring2015Report (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 25.
    Abdelzadeh, Ali
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap.
    The impact of political conviction on the relation between winning or losing and political dissatisfaction: findings from Sweden2014In: SAGE Open, E-ISSN 2158-2440, Vol. 4, no 2Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Election outcomes, or more specifically belonging to a political minority or majority, have a significant impact on citizens’ attitudes toward the political system and political involvement. This study aims to broaden our understanding in these regards by taking into account the effects of people’s political convictions on the relation between belonging to a political minority or majority and their dissatisfaction with the performance of the political system. Using a person-oriented approach, four groups of citizens were identified on the basis of their attachment to political parties. The group of people who were not politically attached to any of the political parties were the most dissatisfied, whereas supporters of parties in government were the least dissatisfied. Moreover, supporters of opposition parties who had high levels of political conviction were more dissatisfied than supporters of opposition parties who had lower levels of political conviction. Overall, the findings of this study show that it is crucial to take into account the individual characteristics of citizens when studying the relations between election outcomes and political attitudes.

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  • 26.
    Abdelzadeh, Ali
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap.
    Transcending dichotomies: The many faces of youth dissatisfaction in democracy2014Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In the recent scholarly debates over changing citizenship attitudes and norms in advanced democracies, especially when it comes to rising levels of political dissatisfaction, opinion about the political role of young people is divided. For some scholars, they represent a driving force behind the development of new kinds of citizenship values, and constitute an asset to the functioning of political systems. For others, they pose a potential threat to the health of representative democracy, because of their increasing levels of dissatisfaction and civic disengagement. By contrast with these two competing approaches, this dissertation advances the argument that a more balanced view of young people’s political activities is called for. Adopting a quantitative approach, it aims therefore to contribute to better theoretical and empirical understanding of young people’s political dissatisfaction, and to explain their role in a democratic society. Considering different aspects of dissatisfaction, the current dissertation contributes to previous research in significant ways. Among others things, it adds to our knowledge by showing empirically that, in terms of political dissatisfaction, young people constitute a heterogeneous group, with different political roles and profiles, ranging from the healthy to the more threatening. Moreover, it contributes to previous research by highlighting the crucial role played by fair teachers in providing linkages between young citizens and the wider political system. All in all, the findings in the current dissertation have implications for the ongoing debate over the role and significance of young people in the functioning of democratic systems, and also for political socialization research.

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  • 27.
    Abdelzadeh, Ali
    et al.
    Youth & Society; CIVIC.
    Amnå, Erik
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap.
    Fitzgerald, Jennifer
    University of Colorado, Boulder, USA.
    The popularization of unpopular ideas: Discord among friends and intolerance toward immigrants in Sweden2016Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 28.
    Abdelzadeh, Ali
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap.
    Amnå, Erik
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap.
    Lundberg, Erik
    Ersta Sköndal University College, Stockholm, Sweden.
    En arena för tillit och tolerans?2016In: Föreningen, jaget och laget: 7 perspektiv påmidrotrens  demokratiska effekter, Stockholm: Centrum för idrottsforskning , 2016, p. 27-46Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
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  • 29.
    Abdelzadeh, Ali
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete.
    Dahl, Viktor
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete.
    Bilaga 2: En utvärdering av Skolval 20102015In: Öva och ta ställning: En utvärdering av arbetet med skolvalen 2014 / [ed] Björnstam, Linnea, Myndigheten för ungdoms- och civilsamhällesfrågor , 2015, p. 47-55Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med denna rapport är att: (a) redogöra för vilka elever som deltog i skolvalet 2010, (b) samt undersöka huruvida deltagandet i skolvalet har någon effekt på ungas intresse för politik/samhällsfrågor, politiska diskussioner med föräldrar och vänner, intention att rösta i framtida val samt politiskt deltagande. För denna undersökning används först och främst enkätdata från Political socialization Project (PSP); en pågående longitudinell studie som undersöker framväxten av unga människors politiska attityder och engagemang (Amnå, Ekström, Kerr & Stattin, 2009). Analyserna i denna rapport omfattar endast elever i PSP-studien vars skola anmält till Myndigheten för ungdoms- och civilsamhällesfrågor att de genomfört skolval. Totalt omfattar de analyser som denna rapport baseras på 3 högstadieskolor och 3 gymnasieskolor vilket sammantaget blir 860 elever.

  • 30.
    Abdelzadeh, Ali
    et al.
    Youth & Society, Örebro University.
    Ekman, Joakim
    Södertörns högskola, Centrum för Östersjö- och Östeuropaforskning (CBEES).
    Understanding Critical Citizenship and Other Forms of Public Dissatisfaction: An Alternative Framework2012In: Politics, Culture and Socialization, ISSN 1866-3427, E-ISSN 2196-1417, Vol. 3, no 1-2, p. 179-196Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Previous research has paid much attention to citizen dissatisfaction and the trends of growing political disaffection, cynicism, and scepticism – in short, the emergence of 'critical citizens'. Also, more recently, critical citizens have sometimes been viewed as an asset for democracy. However, despite both pessimistic and optimistic interpretations of public criticism, the issue of conceptualizing negative attitudes has received less attention. The present study was conducted to enrich understanding of this particular dimension of citizens' attitudes. To this end, the paper suggests an alternative theoretical framework for analysing various forms of negative political orientations. The framework has been tested empirically using three types of statistical procedures, which demonstrate its validity and usefulness.

  • 31.
    Abdelzadeh, Ali
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Political Science.
    Lundberg, Erik
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Political Science.
    Det demokratiska utanförskapets geografi2022In: Demokratin och delaktigheten: Del 3 av 4 ur antologin 100 år till, Stockholm: Kommittén demokratin 100 år , 2022, p. 34-60Chapter in book (Other academic)
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    Det demokratiska utanförskapets geografi
  • 32.
    Abdelzadeh, Ali
    et al.
    Örebro universitet.
    Lundberg, Erik
    Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för socialvetenskap.
    Solid or Flexible?: Social Trust from Early Adolescence to Young Adulthood2017In: Scandinavian Political Studies, ISSN 0080-6757, E-ISSN 1467-9477, Vol. 40, no 2, p. 207-227Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The belief that people are generally fair and trustworthy has generated plenty of scholarly attention in recent decades, particularly in the Scandinavian countries, which are often known for high levels of social trust. This article draws attention to the current discussion in the literature on whether social trust is a stable cultural trait marked by persistence or is based on experiences and subject to change throughout life. Based on unique longitudinal data from five different cohorts of young people in Sweden, ranging in age from 13 to 28 years, this article provides an empirical contribution on how social trust develops over time. The results show that there is a greater degree of instability in social trust between 13 and 15 years of age than in other age groups, and that social trust appears to stabilize with age. Findings also indicate that there are substantial inter-individual differences in social trust among young people within the same age group, both in initial levels and in the rates of change over time. The article concludes that although social trust is relatively stable it tends to crystallize in early adulthood, highlighting the relevance of the impressionable-years hypothesis.

  • 33.
    Abdelzadeh, Ali
    et al.
    Myndigheten för ungdoms- och civilsamhällesfrågor (MUCF).
    Lundberg, Erik
    Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola.
    Tolerance and other citizen competencies2017In: Mechanisms of tolerance: an anthology / [ed] Erik Lundberg, Stockholm: Forum för levande historia , 2017, p. 149-176Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 34.
    Abdelzadeh, Ali
    et al.
    MUCF - Myndigheten för ungdoms- och civilsamhällesfrågor.
    Lundberg, Erik
    Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola.
    Tolerans och andra medborgarkompetenser2017In: Toleransens mekanismer: En antologi / [ed] Lundberg, Erik, Stockholm: Forum för levande historia , 2017, p. 145-170Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 35.
    Abdelzadeh, Ali
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Political Science.
    Lundberg, Erik
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Political Science.
    Ungas röst: En studie om ungdomars valdeltagande 2018 och deras egna tankar om att delta i val2022Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [no]

    Valdeltagandet är högt bland unga och följer ganska väl befolkningen i stort. Det finns dock en oroväckande klyfta i samhället, alla unga upplever inte att de har lika möjligheter att göra sin röst hörd. Unga med sämre socioekonomiska förutsättningar deltar i lägre utsträckning i val. Under samtal med unga träder också en allvarlig bild fram av att unga inte upplever att samhället finns till för dem eller att politiska företrädare inte lyssnar. De känner sig inte inkluderade.

    Den här rapporten visar att det spelar roll var unga växer upp och bor. Ungas socioekonomiska förutsättningar är tätt sammankopplade med valdeltagande. Det finns betydande skillnader i valdeltagande mellan olika områden i kommunerna i hela landet. Det visar att skillnader i social jämlikhet riskerar att leda till politisk ojämlikhet. De geografiska skillnaderna i valdeltagande pekar på att det finns behov av insatser som utjämnar skillnader i uppväxt- och levnadsvillkor. Alla unga ska ges likvärdiga förutsättningar, det ska inte spela någon roll var de bor.

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  • 36.
    Abdelzadeh, Ali
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Political Science.
    Sedelius, Thomas
    Dalarna University, School of Culture and Society, Political Science.
    Building trust in times of crisis: A panel study of the influence of satisfaction with COVID‐19 communication and management2024In: Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, ISSN 0966-0879, E-ISSN 1468-5973, Vol. 32, no 1, article id e12531Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study examines the relationship between citizens' satisfaction with government COVID-19 communication and management (SWCCM) and institutional trust. By employing a longitudinal approach, using three-wave panel data from Sweden from 2020 to 2022, the study addresses the current lack of research on the interplay between SWCCM and institutional trust across different stages of a societal crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that SWCCM increased slightly over the pandemic period, while trust in institutions slightly decreased. The study also finds that changes in SWCCM predict changes in trust in institutions, suggesting that increased satisfaction with communication and management is associated with increased trust in institutions. Additionally, we find that higher initial levels of SWCCM contribute to a faster decline in trust over time. However, no evidence supports the idea that initial trust in institutions predicts changes in SWCCM. This suggests a unidirectional relationship where SWCCM is a key driver of institutional trust during a crisis. Overall, the study uncovers intriguing dynamics in the relationship between SWCCM and trust over time, and it emphasizes the significance of effective and consistent communication and management in maintaining and boosting public trust during crisis.

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  • 37.
    Abdelzadeh, Ali
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap.
    Zetterberg, Pär
    Department of Government, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Ekman, Joakim
    Centre for Baltic and East European Studies (CBEES), Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden.
    Procedural fairness and political trust among young people: evidence from a panel study on Swedish high school students2015In: Acta Politica, ISSN 0001-6810, E-ISSN 1741-1416, Vol. 50, no 3, p. 253-278Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The role of ‘fair’ institutions in developing democratic legitimacy has received increased attention. Citizens who perceive – on basis of past experiences – that they are being treated fairly by authorities have been held to have greater trust in political institutions. However, previous studies on the relationship between procedural fairness and political trust have not paid sufficient attention to individuals with limited first-hand experiences of authorities. We examine the relationship on an authority that virtually all individuals meet early in life: the school. Using structural equation modeling on unique panel data covering 1,500 Swedish adolescents (ages ranging from 13 to 17), we find a reciprocal relationship: personal encounters with school authorities shape young people’s political trust; however, the images that adolescents get of the political system (through family, peers, media, etc.) have also consequences on their perceptions about the authorities they encounter in their daily lives. The analysis increases our understanding of how individuals form their political allegiances by showing that the relationship between fairness and trust is more dynamic than has previously been suggested: neither an accumulated set of experiences of authorities nor formal ties with political institutions (as voters, etc.) are required for a relationship to emerge. 

  • 38.
    Abdelzadeh, Ali
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete.
    Özdemir, Metin
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete.
    Van Zalk, Maarten
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete.
    Dissatisfied Citizens: An Asset to or a Liability on the Democratic Functioning of Society?2015In: Scandinavian Political Studies, ISSN 0080-6757, E-ISSN 1467-9477, Vol. 38, no 4, p. 410-436Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Past research has shown that, although a majority of citizens in democracies support the idea of democracy as a form of governance, some tend to be distrustful of democratic institutions and express dissatisfaction with the way democracy works. It is argued in this article that to better understand the role of various groups of dissatisfied citizens in the democratic functioning of a society, one should examine their democratic characteristics. Based on youth's dissatisfaction with the performance of political institutions and the principles of democracy, four distinct groups of citizens are identified. These groups are then compared in terms of their political engagement, knowledge and interest, values and attitudes, and disposition to break the law. The results showed that youths with high levels of principle- and performance-driven dissatisfaction were less likely to participate in politics, less knowledgeable and interested in political issues, and more likely to break the law, even if people got hurt compared with other groups. In contrast, youths who were only dissatisfied with the performance of democratic institutions were more likely to participate in politics, and had higher tolerance towards immigrants, and political interest and knowledge. They were also more likely, peacefully and without harming other people, to break the law to change society. Overall, by examining distinct groups of dissatisfied citizens and their democratic characteristics, this study contributes to the general debate on the role of dissatisfied citizens in democracies.

  • 39.
    Abdi, Faisa
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Energy Technology.
    Farah, Muse
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Energy Technology.
    Energieffektivisering av Limatvätten AB: Värmeåtervinning från manglar2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Energy efficiency is in the interest of all industries, as it involves the reduction of both energy and cost. The purpose of this project for a bachelor’s degree is to analyse potential energy recovery of waste heat from an ironer.

    The work was carried out at Limatvätten AB, which is a large and modern laundry facility. Limatvätten AB is a textile service company that has been in existence for 50 years. The Lima laundry’s main customers are from the hotel and restaurant business. Limatvätten AB has its own textiles that are rented to hotels, conferences, etc. The largest customers are in Sälenfjällen and in the Siljan region.

    The work is done by identifying moisture, temperature and dynamic pressure in an ironer Based on measurements, the amount of energy that can be recycled is calculated. Heat recovery system proposals are also given in the report. Aquavent is a heat exchanger that uses ventilation heat from the ironers. The water that is heated in the aquavent is led into the washing pipes, which leads to the reduction of steam consumption in washing processes. Temperature change depends on the heat exchanger's efficiency, the higher the temperature change, the more amount of energy recovery is obtained.

    After identification of the problem, a timetable was mapped, and appropriate instruments and interesting parameters were chosen. The moisture content, temperature and dynamic pressure have been measured. The equations described in the theory section are used for most of the calculations with the help of Excel.

    According to the result, the energy saving will be 184 MWh/year if all excess heat from a mangle is reused. Based on the result, the total savings potential is SEK 57 000 /year. According to the results, it is shown that there is the potential to use excess heat from the Lima wash ironers. In addition to the saving of energy, climate impact is also reduced, as the excess energy is again reused which would otherwise disappear into the atmosphere. If two of the ironers are coupled with a heat recovery system, it results in a doubling on the savings potential.

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  • 40.
    Abdi Mohammed, Farhan
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Construction.
    A Said, Mahdi
    Dalarna University, School of Technology and Business Studies, Construction.
    Möjligheten att utföra LCA i en totalentreprenad: En studie om LCA i en totalentreprenad2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The environment is an important issue in society today. Emissions contribute to medium temperature rises gradually allowing the consequences on the nature, climate and society. The construction industry accounts for approximately 40 % of all energy use in Sweden. The environment in various ways, namely that different lifestyles and ways of life such as heating residences, waste management, travel to and from work affects the adverse impact on the environment. With the help of the growing awareness of the environment and the impetus given to it by the public authorities to reduces the environmental impact and energy use. LCA is a systematic analysis that is new in the construction industry where construction processes measured by the flow of energy and material usage. LCA can help decision makers by performing the LCA can be developed in analytical evaluations environmentally. Without LCA would investment, costs may be the most important thing for the decision makers than the environmental benefits. The aim of this work is to perform a life cycle assessment in the construction process with total construction and following questions is: • Possibilities to perform LCA in this construction form? • What demands are made from the client? • Possibilities and difficulties with total construction to perform LCA? The aim of this thesis is to illustrate how a life cycle analysis can be performed in a total construction. The study will highlight the role of the client. The focus will be on project Kungsljuset in Borlänge. The method of accounting analysis of the life cycle of the construction project is used and performed in a total construction. Interviews with the project management for this object. The result was unfortunately that there was a lack of data for the implement of LCA in this project. The reason was the knowledge and interest of the lack of both the client and the material supplier. It is required that the client demands on the material supplier and entrepreneur to specify the material and other resources used in this construction project.

  • 41.
    Abdi Sheikh Ali, Mandeq
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Educational Work.
    Flerspråkighet i förskolan: En intervjustudie om hur förskollärare stimulerar flerspråkiga barns språkutveckling2017Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Jag har undersökt hur förskollärare beskriver att de stödjer flerspråkiga barn i att utveckla både det svenska språket och deras modersmål. I och med att det befinner sig alltmer flerspråkiga barn i de svenska förskolorna är mitt syfte med studien att ta reda på fem förskollärares uppfattningar om flerspråkiga barns språkutveckling och vilka verktyg de beskriver att de använder i arbetet med att stimulera barns språkutveckling. Metoden för denna studie är kvalitativa intervjuer där jag har intervjuat fem förskollärare som arbetar på två olika förskolor. Studiens resultat diskuteras utifrån forskning om hur förskollärare arbetar med flerspråkiga barns språkutveckling. I resultatdiskussionen har även resonemang förts i relation till den sociokulturella teorin. Resultatet visar att förskollärarna menar att barn behöver kunna sitt modersmål så att de kan lära sig eller utveckla ett andraspråk i förskolan. Därför behövs det modersmålslärare som stödjer barnen i att utveckla modersmålet. Förskollärarna beskriver att de använder sig av vardagliga situationer för att stimulera barnens språk.

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  • 42.
    Abdi Sheikh Ali, Muna
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Educational Work.
    Flerspråkiga barns språkutveckling i förskolan2018Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med studien är att studera flerspråkiga barns modersmålsutveckling i förskolan och hur pedagogerna kan hjälpa barnen med sitt modersmål när pedagogerna har svenska som sitt förstaspråk. Studien tar ett sociokulturellt perspektiv på lärande och metoden som använts för att samla in material för studien är kvalitativ intervju med fyra pedagoger från två förskolor. Slutsatsen från studien visade sig att pedagogerna använder olika sätt att stötta och utveckla flerspråkiga barnens modersmål och andraspråkutveckling genom att använda olika uttryckningsformer, till exempel upprepningar, bilder, symboler och kroppsspråk. Pedagogerna lyfter upp också att barnen känner trygghet när pedagogerna använder barnens modersmål, vilket gjorde att pedagogerna lärde sig enkla ord på barnens språk för att underlätta kommunikationen mellan barnen och pedagoger och mellan barn och barn.

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  • 43.
    Abdikadir, M. Bisharo
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Ubah, Warsame H.
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Vuxna patienters upplevelse i samband med palliativ vård - en litteraturöversikt2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:Palliative care is about relieving the suffering of patients with incurable diseaseand meeting their physical, psychosocial and existential needs to promote the patient's quality of life. Palliative care should be built on four cornerstones: symptom relief, cooperation, communication and support for relatives. The care staff must have enough knowledge about palliative care in order to perform the practical nursing care to the patients in the palliative phase.Aim: The aim of this study is to describe adult patients' experience in connection with palliative care.Method: The literature review contains 17 scientific articles with qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods. The data search was performed in the databases CINAHL and PubMed.Results: The result showed six categories that are knowledge of palliative care, loss of self-esteem and vulnerability, existential support, empathy and sympathy, feelings of security and communication and self-determination. The results showed that several patients missing knowledge about palliative care and those patients have different perceptions of palliative care, for example, some patients believe that palliative care means the end of life while other patients describe that palliative care for them is more than the end of life. For example, patients express that it is a supportive care to improve their quality of life.Conclusion: Patients need more knowledge about palliative care and therefore it is important that care staff offer information to patients. This is important for patients to be well informed about their care. To increase patient participation and knowledge of palliative care, it is important that there is good communication between patients and care staff.

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  • 44.
    Abdillahi, Ayan Ismail
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Catindoy, Cyna Remonida
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Sjuksköterskans upplevelser av att vårda patienter med annan kulturell bakgrund: en litteraturöversikt2022Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background The increasing migration in Sweden increases the demands on nurses to meet and care for patients with a different cultural background. Culture is a decisive factor that affects the patient, and the nurse needs to take this into account with the help of cultural competence. Having cultural competence means that the nurse has knowledge and understanding of the patient's culture and adapts care to the patient's cultural background. The patients feel that cultural and linguistic differences between them and the nurses affect the care and reduce the quality of care.

    Aim The purpose of the literature review is to explore the nurse's experiences of caring for patients with a different cultural background.

    Method The method for the work is a structured literature study with elements of the methodology used in systematic reviews. It consists of 14 qualitative articles collected from the databases CINAHL, PubMed and PsycInfo. The articles were analysed using Friberg's analysis model in three steps and the quality of the articles was reviewed using Ulrika Nilsson's review template.

    Results The results were presented in three main categories: experiences of communication; cultural differences and cultural competence and its strategies for improving the care of patients with different cultural backgrounds. The results showed that language differences made patient care more difficult, that the nurses faced discrimination and that a lack of cultural competence caused feelings of uncertainty and fear.

    Conclusions The nurses experienced challenges that included cultural differences, language differences, lack of cultural competence and meeting and being met by patients. Despite these challenges, the nurses were able to navigate different situations and use different strategies to overcome the challenges.

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  • 45. Abdillahi, Hamda A
    et al.
    Hassan, Khadra A
    Kiruja, Jonah
    Osman, Fatumo
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Caring Science/Nursing.
    Egal, Jama A
    Klingberg-Allvin, Marie
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Caring Science/Nursing.
    Erlandsson, Kerstin
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Caring Science/Nursing.
    A mixed-methods study of maternal near miss and death after emergency cesarean delivery at a referral hospital in Somaliland2017In: International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, ISSN 0020-7292, E-ISSN 1879-3479, Vol. 138, no 1, p. 119-124Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: To explore maternal near miss and death after emergency cesarean delivery in Somaliland, including the impact of the prerequisite for family consent.

    METHODS: A facility-based, mixed-methods study was conducted to assess all maternal near misses and deaths recorded at a referral hospital that provided services to women from all regions of Somaliland. The data sources comprised a quantitative prospective cross-sectional study using the WHO near-miss tool (performed from August 1 to December 31, 2015) and qualitative interviews with 17 healthcare providers working at the referral hospital who were in direct contact with the women in labor (performed from January 15 to March 15, 2015).

    RESULTS: Of the 138 maternal near misses and deaths recorded, 50 (36%) were associated with emergency cesarean delivery. The most frequent maternal complication was severe pre-eclampsia (n=17; 34%), and the most frequent underlying causes were hypertensive disorders (n=31; 62%) and obstetric hemorrhage (n=15; 30%). Healthcare providers were often prevented from performing emergency cesarean delivery until the required consent had been received from the woman's extended family.

    CONCLUSION: Maternity care in Somaliland must be improved, and the issue of legal authority for consent examined, to ensure both safe and timely provision of emergency cesarean delivery. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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  • 46. Abdollahi, S.
    et al.
    Acero, F.
    Ackermann, M.
    Ajello, M.
    Atwood, W. B.
    Axelsson, M.
    Baldini, L.
    Ballet, J.
    Larsson, Stefan
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Natural Science. KTH Royal Inst Technol / AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys.
    Zaharijas, G.
    Fermi Large Area Telescope Fourth Source Catalog2020In: Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, ISSN 0067-0049, E-ISSN 1538-4365, Vol. 247, no 1, article id 33Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present the fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope catalog (4FGL) of gamma-ray sources. Based on the first eight years of science data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope mission in the energy range from 50 MeV to 1 TeV, it is the deepest yet in this energy range. Relative to the 3FGL catalog, the 4FGL catalog has twice as much exposure as well as a number of analysis improvements, including an updated model for the Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission, and two sets of light curves (one-year and two-month intervals). The 4FGL catalog includes 5064 sources above 4 sigma significance, for which we provide localization and spectral properties. Seventy-five sources are modeled explicitly as spatially extended, and overall, 358 sources are considered as identified based on angular extent, periodicity, or correlated variability observed at other wavelengths. For 1336 sources, we have not found plausible counterparts at other wavelengths. More than 3130 of the identified or associated sources are active galaxies of the blazar class, and 239 are pulsars.

  • 47. Abdollahi, S.
    et al.
    Acero, F.
    Ackermann, M.
    Baldini, L.
    Ballet, J.
    Barbiellini, G.
    Bastieri, D.
    Bellazzini, R.
    Larsson, Stefan
    Dalarna University, School of Teacher Education, Natural Science. Department of Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova, Stockholm; The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics, AlbaNova, Stockholm.
    Zaharijas, G.
    Search for New Cosmic-Ray Acceleration Sites within the 4FGL Catalog Galactic Plane Sources2022In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 933, no 2, article id 204Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Cosmic rays are mostly composed of protons accelerated to relativistic speeds. When those protons encounter interstellar material, they produce neutral pions, which in turn decay into gamma-rays. This offers a compelling way to identify the acceleration sites of protons. A characteristic hadronic spectrum, with a low-energy break around 200 MeV, was detected in the gamma-ray spectra of four supernova remnants (SNRs), IC 443, W44, W49B, and W51C, with the Fermi Large Area Telescope. This detection provided direct evidence that cosmic-ray protons are (re-)accelerated in SNRs. Here, we present a comprehensive search for low-energy spectral breaks among 311 4FGL catalog sources located within 5° from the Galactic plane. Using 8 yr of data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope between 50 MeV and 1 GeV, we find and present the spectral characteristics of 56 sources with a spectral break confirmed by a thorough study of systematic uncertainty. Our population of sources includes 13 SNRs for which the proton-proton interaction is enhanced by the dense target material; the high-mass gamma-ray binary LS I+61 303; the colliding wind binary η Carinae; and the Cygnus star-forming region. This analysis better constrains the origin of the gamma-ray emission and enlarges our view to potential new cosmic-ray acceleration sites. © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

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  • 48. Abdollahi, S.
    et al.
    Acero, F.
    Baldini, L.
    Ballet, J.
    Bastieri, D.
    Bellazzini, R.
    Berenji, B.
    Berretta, A.
    Larsson, Stefan
    Dalarna University, School of Teacher Education, Natural Science.
    Zaharijas, G.
    Incremental Fermi Large Area Telescope Fourth Source Catalog2022In: Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, ISSN 0067-0049, E-ISSN 1538-4365, Vol. 260, no 2, article id 53Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present an incremental version (4FGL-DR3, for Data Release 3) of the fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) catalog of 3-ray sources. Based on the first 12 years of science data in the energy range from 50 MeV to 1 TeV, it contains 6658 sources. The analysis improves on that used for the 4FGL catalog over eight years of data: more sources are fit with curved spectra, we introduce a more robust spectral parameterization for pulsars, and we extend the spectral points to 1 TeV. The spectral parameters, spectral energy distributions, and associations are updated for all sources. Light curves are rebuilt for all sources with 1 yr intervals (not 2 month intervals). Among the 5064 original 4FGL sources, 16 were deleted, 112 are formally below the detection threshold over 12 yr (but are kept in the list), while 74 are newly associated, 10 have an improved association, and seven associations were withdrawn. Pulsars are split explicitly between young and millisecond pulsars. Pulsars and binaries newly detected in LAT sources, as well as more than 100 newly classified blazars, are reported. We add three extended sources and 1607 new point sources, mostly just above the detection threshold, among which eight are considered identified, and 699 have a plausible counterpart at other wavelengths. We discuss the degree-scale residuals to the global sky model and clusters of soft unassociated point sources close to the Galactic plane, which are possibly related to limitations of the interstellar emission model and missing extended sources. © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

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  • 49.
    Abdul Kareem, Ala'a
    Dalarna University, School of Education and Humanities, Comparative Literature.
    A Psychoanalytical Reading of Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights: An Analysis of the Defense Mechanisms of Some Characters2011Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This essay presents a portrayal of Heathcliff, Catherine and Isabella from a psychoanalytical perspective with regard to four defense mechanisms; namely, repression, denial, sublimation and projection in order to see how these defense mechanisms have affected the characters’ decisions and behaviour, and led them to their destinations in life. It will include three major sections: repression in characters, denial in characters, and sublimation and projection in characters. These terms will be more clearly defined and explained in the subsequent sections.

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  • 50.
    Abdulahad, Aziz
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Information and Engineering.
    Ohlsson, Martin
    Dalarna University, School of Information and Engineering.
    Analys av fuktsäkerhet hos hybridelement kontra sandwichelement2022Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This study is a thesis within the construction engineering program at Dalarna University in Borlänge. This thesis highlights the new hybrid element and its moisture-related properties, as well as comparing hybrid elements with the old proven solution of sandwich elements out of moisture perspective. This study is of interest as the construction industry needs new, more sustainable solutions that this hybrid element offers.

    The purpose of this study is to compare moisture properties of both sandwich and hybrid elements out of interviews and simulation of hybrid- and sandwich element with the help of a WUFI program. A further purpose is to analyse the behaviour of both elements when exposed to different amounts of moisture, investigate possible moisture-related problems in these elements and the possibility of building with hybrid elements instead of sandwich elements.

    The results of the study confirm that hybrid elements are theoretically an acceptable solution when it comes to moisture safety. At the same time, the conclusion concludes that a good tightness of a wall is an important parameter, but is not always enough to guarantee moisture safety, but tightness needs to be completed with careful design and execution.

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