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  • 101. Fernstrom, M.
    et al.
    Shabalina, I.
    Bakkman, L.
    Tonkonogi, Michail
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Mattsson, M. C.
    Enqvist, J. K.
    Ekblom, B.
    Sahlin, K.
    Skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and ROS production in response to extreme endurance exercise in athletes2006In: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics, ISSN 0005-2728, E-ISSN 1879-2650, p. 413-414Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 102. Fjordell, Wilma
    Ingen skillnad i rörelseekonomi mellan modern stakning och gammeldags stakning, trots stora biomekaniska skillnader2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose Examine whether biomechanical and physiological variables differ between modern and old-fashioned double poling technique (OFDP) at a constant submaximal work rate during roller skiing.

    Methods Twelve male elite cross-country skiers were recruited (age: 21 ± 4 years, length: 183,6 ± 9,3 cm, and weight: 77,8 ± 10,3 kg). After a standardized two subtests followed, in modern and OFDP technique at an individual velocity and the incline 2,5°. Oxygen consumption and ventilation were measured during the testand lactate concentration as well as estimation of Borg RPE were measuredafter every subtest. The test was recorded and angles were analysed. Test values were analysed using Paired samples t-test as well as Paired samples Wilcoxon signed-ranked test.

    Results No significant difference in energy expenditure (EE), O2 consumption, gross efficiency (GE), breathing frequency (BF) and lactate were shown. Significant differences were shown between heart rate (HR), ventilation, RER and Borg RPE, where higher values were shown for OFDP at all variables except RER. Significant differences were shown in some joint angles as well as the time of the power creating phase,returning phase of the pole stroke and the centre of mass (COM) displacement.

    Conclusions No significant difference in EE, O2 consumption, GE and lactate between modern and OFDP during a submaximal work rate. Differences in HR and estimated exhaustion gives a hint of the OFDP being more exhausting. Future research is required to determine if this differs in other inclines and velocities.

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  • 103.
    Flingmark, Victor
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Brofjärd, Jesper
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Uppfattningar om stretching vid långdistanslöpning: Ett perspektiv från såväl tränare som elitlöpare2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    As of right now there is research that provides a foundation for evidence regarding stretching

    and its effects on performance as well as injury prevention. There is however few studies

    showing how running coaches and runners perceive stretching. The purpose of this study was

    therefore to describe how running coaches and elite runners perceive stretching and its

    potential effects on performance as well as injury prevention.

    Method

    The survey included four running coaches (men in the ages 30-60 years old) and four elite

    runners (two women and two men in their twenties) selected through a convenience survey.

    They participated in a semi-structured interview with primary questions and additional

    questions according to an organized interview protocol created by the project managers. Each

    interview was recorded, transcribed and analyzed with phenomenografic analyze method.

    Results

    The running coaches and the elite runners perceptions about stretching was positive regarding

    mobility as well as injury prevention. The participants had different perceptions regarding

    effects on performance, two runners and one coach suggested that stretching provides positive

    effects while the remaining participants perceived that stretching did not produce any effect.

    Conclusion

    The running coaches and the elite runners had an overall positive perception regarding

    stretching in relation to injury prevention which is completely opposite to the current

    evidence. The participants perceived mobility as something important for long-distance

    running which has not yet been proven in research studies. Positive effects on performance

    were perceived differently which also indicates a lack of knowledge regarding stretching and

    performance. There is a clear knowledge gap regarding stretching despite a high level of

    coaching education.

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  • 104.
    Fritz, Isak
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies.
    Karlsson, Martin
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies.
    Motionärers användning av träningsrelaterade mål: En deskriptiv enkätundersökning2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 105.
    Gabrielsson, Tommy
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies.
    Jönsson, Tobias
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies.
    Utveckling av träning inom svensk längdskidåkning 1970-1999. En sammanställning av träningsdagböcker från aktiva inom svenska herrlandslaget.2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 106.
    Gers, Johnny
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Brandow, Marcus
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Passningshållet påverkar passningsprecision hos ungdoms- och juniorishockeyspelare2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    PurposeThe purpose of the study was to measure passing precision among youth- and junior ice hockey players between 15 and 18 years of age, who in the past season played at either “elite” or “Division 1” level in U16, J18 or J20.MethodsTo measure passing precision in ice hockey, two tests were designed. The tests consisted of a player trying to hit a three-centimeter-wide pin by passing a puck from 15 meters away. Five players did the test that were divided into two different levels of complexity, one in forward motion and one standing still. The players hit a total of ten passes divided into five forehand passes and five backhand passes, they took turns in hitting forehand and backhand one by one. In total, the players did five series of ten passes on each station, a total of 50 passes divided into 25 forehand passes and 25 backhand passes.ResultsThe result of this study showed that there was a significant difference in passing precision between forehand passes and backhand passes, regardless off whether the pass was played in motion (p = 0,009) or standing still (p < 0,001). However, the test did not show any significant difference between the different levels of complexity on either forehand (p = 0,29) or backhand (p = 0,22).ConclusionsBased on the results from this study, you can see that the way you hit the pass (forehand/backhand) effects the passing precision. All players had a higher precision on their forehand than their backhand, regardless of level of complexity.

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  • 107.
    Gillerås, Jesper
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies.
    Uppmärksamhetsfokus. En studie som undersöker om en fotbollstränare använder sig av extern eller intern uppmärksamhetsfokus till sina adepter via verbala instruktioner vid träning av tekniska färdigheter2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 108.
    Gräfnings, Maria
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare, Medical Science.
    Lysdal Fahrenholtz, Ida
    University of Agder.
    Klungland Torstveit, Monica
    University of Agder.
    Garthe, Ina
    The Norwegian Olympic Sports Centre, Norway.
    Melin, Anna
    Linnaeus University.
    Carbohydrate availability in female endurance athletes with symptoms of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S)2022Conference paper (Refereed)
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  • 109. Gullstrand, Lennart
    et al.
    Halvorsen, Kjartan
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Tinmark, Fredrik
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Eriksson, Martin
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Measurements of vertical displacement in running, a methodological comparison2009In: Gait & Posture, ISSN 0966-6362, E-ISSN 1879-2219, Vol. 30, no 1, p. 71-75Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim was (1) to evaluate measurements of vertical displacements (V(disp)) of a single point on sacrum as an estimate of the whole body centre of mass (CoM) V(disp) during treadmill running and (2) to compare three methods for measuring this single point. These methods were based on a position transducer (PT), accelerometers (AMs) and an optoelectronic motion capture system. Criterion method was V(disp) of the whole body CoM measured with the motion capture system. Thirteen subjects ran at 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 and 22kmh(-1) with synchronous recordings with the three methods. Four measurements of the (V(disp)) were derived: (1) V(disp) of CoM calculated from a segment model consisting of 13 segments tracked with 36 reflective markers, (2) V(disp) of the sacrum recorded with the PT, (3) V(disp) of the sacrum calculated from the AM, and (4) V(disp) of the sacrum calculated as the mid point of two reflective markers (sacrum marker, SM) attached at the level of the sacral bone. The systematic discrepancy between the measurements of sacrum V(disp) and CoM V(disp) varied between 0 and 1.5mm and decreased with increasing running velocity and decreasing step duration. PT and SM measurements showed strong correlation, whereas the AM showed a variability increasing with velocity. The random discrepancy within each subject was 7mm for all three methods. In conclusion single-point recordings of the sacrum V(disp) may be used to monitor changes in V(disp) of CoM during treadmill running.

  • 110.
    Gustafsson, Gabriella
    Dalarna University, School of Humanities and Media Studies.
    Hur arbetar svensk innebandy med talangutveckling och därmed ungdomsutveckling?: En fallstudie om en svensk innebandyförenings flickverksamhet2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 111.
    Gustafsson, Nathalie
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies.
    Skadeförebyggande  arbete bland yrkesverksamma personliga tränare2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 112.
    Gustafzzon, Linn
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Gröndahl, Antonia
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Musikens påverkan fysiskt och psykiskt på elitidrottare under högintensiv träning2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to investigate whether music has an ergogenic effect physically and mentally on elite athletes during high intensity training. The study included nine participant, five women and four men. Test participants were all elite active in cycling or triathlon, the average age was 25.7 and the standard deviation of the age was 3.2. The test was performed on SRM cycling ergometer which measured maximum power, average power, mean cadence and maximum heart rate. The test consisted of four two minutes high intensity intervals with six minutes rest between each interval. Every second interval, the test participant had music in there ears and every other interval was performed in silence. The data was filed and analyzed in SRMX programs. The results did not showed any significant difference, but a tendency for music had an ergogenic effect during fatigue. Nine out of ten of the test participants had a positive experience from the intervals of music.

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  • 113.
    Gut, Mikael
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Carlberg, Ida
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Stillasittande hos högskoleanställda lärare2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    The purpose of the study was to map the sedentary behavior of college-faculty teachers during the working day. Furthermore, the study aimed at investigating factors that contributed to being sedentary. Method The study used a mixed method approach. Data collection was conducted through 4 individual interviews and a questionnaire with 49 teachers at Högskolan Dalarna. Results The average of the participants' sedentary time per working day was 6,62 (±1.97) hours. The number of interruptions from being sedentary was in average 1,6 (±0.89) per hour. There was no statistically significant difference in sedentary time (p= 0,22) or number of interruptions (p= 0,21) during the working day between men and women. Relationship value (r= -0,34) indicated that there was a weak relationship that showed that participants who were more sedentary also made fewer interruptions in their sitting time. The main reason for being sedentary was that sitting improved the ability to concentrate on tasks requiring a lot of focus. Other prominent factors that affected the intake of sedentary behavior were time pressure and high workload. The individual himself was said to be the biggest obstacle to reducing his own sedentary behavior, where the habitual behavior of sitting when doing certain tasks in the workplace had a major impact. Participants' knowledge of sedentary behavior and consequences was inadequate, and it was not a discussion topic that was discussed in greater detail at the workplace. Conclusions Higher education teachers are a risk group for negative health effects caused by sedentary behavior. Engagement and increased knowledge at individual, interpersonal and organizational levels are required to achieve changes in sedentary behavior.

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  • 114.
    Hall, Didrik
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Holmgren, Emil
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Hur personliga tränare skapar förutsättningar för att hjälpa sina adepter att uppnå mental tuffhet: En kvalitativ studie på yrkesgruppen personliga tränare2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Physical activity is a factor to achieve good health. Although to achieve good health it is considered favorable to achieve harmony between mind and body. Mental skills training can improve performance in physical training as well as the daily life. Mental skills training is a tool to increase mental toughness. Personal training (PT) as a profession is about helping people feel good as a whole. PT usually help people with different kinds of physical activity,

    but it’s also interesting to look at how they work with mental skills training. The purpose of this study was to describe how PT apply mental skills training and how they provide conditions for their adepts to achieve mental toughness. The method used in this study was of a qualitative approach. An open questionnaire was the basis of the study which consisted of 16 participants. The study found that the PT are trying to provide the conditions for their adept at achieving mental toughness through mental skills training. The participants experience that mental skills training has a positive effect on their adepts, since the adepts experience contact in their muscles, reduced stress levels, increased motivation and increased their self-esteem.

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  • 115.
    Halvorsen, Kjartan
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Eriksson, Martin
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Gullstrand, Lennart
    Tinmark, Fredrik
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Minimal marker set for center of mass estimation in running2009In: Gait & Posture, ISSN 0966-6362, E-ISSN 1879-2219, Vol. 30, no 4, p. 552-555Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose was to study the validity of a recently proposed method [Forsell C, Halvorsen K. A method for determining minimal sets of markers for the estimation of center of mass, linear and angular momentum. Journal of Biomechanics 2009;42(3):361-5] for estimating the trajectory of the whole-body center of mass (CoM) in the case of running at velocities ranging from 10 to 22 kmh(-1). The method gives an approximation to the CoM using the position of fewer markers on the body than the standard method of tracking each segment of the body. Fourteen male athletes participated. A standard method for determining the CoM from a model of 13 segments and using the position of 36 markers was used as reference method. Leave-one-out cross-validation revealed errors that decreased with increasing number of markers used in the approximative method. Starting from four markers, the error in absolute position of the CoM decreased from 15mm to 3mm in each direction. For the velocity of the CoM the estimation bias was neglectable, and the random error decreased from 0.15 to 0.05 ms(-1). The inter-subject and intra-subject variability in the estimated model parameters increased with increasing number of markers. The method worked well also when applied to running at velocities outside the range of velocities in the data used to determine the model parameters. The results indicate that a model using 10 markers represents a good trade-off between simplicity and accuracy, but users must take into account requirements of their specific applications.

  • 116.
    Hammarbäck, Adam
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Jonsson, Anton
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    En kombination av sagittala-och frontala hoppövningar ger en signifikant ökning på vertikal hoppförmåga: En vetenskaplig evidensundersökning gällande plyometriska övningar i det frontala planet2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Plyometrics is a popular training modality for developing vertical jumping ability, mostly performed in

    the sagittal plane. However, many complex teamsports require movement in various directional

    planes. This study investigates previous research to establish the amount of scientific evidence to

    justify a change of training modalities.

    Purpose

    To investigate scientific evidence regarding the effects of frontal plane plyometrics on vertical

    jumping ability and power.

    Method

    The study used a systematic litterature review of previously published research through databases

    related to the scientific area.

    Results

    The systematic review showed that a combination of sagittal and frontal jumps created a

    significant increase in vertical jumping height. However, frontal plane plyometrics without

    the combination of sagittal plane plyometrics did not show any significant increase. The

    included studies that did not show a significant increase in jumping ability used poor

    methodology and study design.

    Conclusion

    This systematic review of previously conducted research concluded that a combined training

    modality of sagittal and frontal plane plyometrics has some effect on vertical jumping ability

    and power. A combination of frontal and sagittal plyometrics provide additional benefits

    outside of increased jumping ability and should be included in training programs for vertical

    jumping ability. The effects of frontal plane plyometrics as an exclusive training modality

    needs additional research.

  • 117.
    Hardarson, Hallgrimur Thor
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies.
    Parkours utveckling: Tränares relation till den ursprungliga filosofin2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 118.
    Hawke, Emma
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Edge, J
    University of Auckland, New Zealand.
    Dent, J
    Massey University, New Zealand.
    Mundel, T
    Massey University, New Zealand.
    Short, M
    Massey University, New Zealand.
    McMahon, C
    Ag Research, Ruakura, New Zealand.
    Coffey, V
    RMIT, Australia.
    The effects of sex and repeated-sprints on muscle protein signalling2009In: Book of Abstracts of the 14th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science, Oslo, Norway, June 2009. Sport Sciences: Nature, Nuture and Culture / [ed] Loland, S., Bø, K., Fasting, K., Hallén, J., Ommundsen, Y., Roberts, G., Tsolakidis, E., European College of Sport Science, 2009, p. 351-352Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 119.
    Hawke, Emma
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Hammarström, Daniel
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Sahlin, K
    GIH, Sweden.
    Tonkonogi, Michail
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Does six-weeks of high-intensity cycle training with induced changes in acid-base balance lead to mitochondrial adaptations?2014Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 120.
    Hawke, Emma
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Hammarström, Daniel
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Sahlin, Kent
    GIH, Sweden.
    Tonkonogi, Michail
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Effects of induced changes in acid-base balance on mitochondrial adaptations to training2014In: Book of Abstracts of the 19th annual congress of the European College of Sport Science – ECSS Amsterdam 2014, European College of Sport Science, 2014Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction

    Endurance training leads to an improved ability of muscle to utilize oxygen. This is related to an increased density and function of mitochondria. The biogenesis and adaptation of mitochondria is a complex process mediated by various signalling pathways and seems to be highly sensitive to the type of exercise and the local environment in the muscle. Changes in the muslce environment in terms of altered metabolism and substrate accumulation are affected by changes in acid/base balance in response to exercise. Recent studies have shown that changes in acid/base balance may affect the regulation of mitochondrial adaptation to acute exercise; however, how this responds to training and relates to performance adaptations in humans is unclear. Similarly, the effect of acid/base balance on mechanisms underlying mitochondrial biogenesis is unclear. The objectives of this study were to examine the relationship between acid/base balance, mitochondrial biogenesis and adaptation.

    Methods

    Nineteen recreationally active men undertook a six-week periodised high-intensity interval training programme, a protocol known to produce increases in mitochondrial biogenesis. Participants were matched for aerobic fitness and randomly assigned to one of two different training groups. One group ingested sodium bicarbonate (alkaline) and the other group ingested a placebo prior to each training session. Performance test results, blood samples and muscle biopsies were collected before and after the six week training period and assessed for changes in aerobic fitness, blood metabolites and muscle markers of mitochondrial function and biogenesis. Changes in gene expression associated with mitochondrial biogenesis were also examined. 

    Results

    After the training period, there were significant (P < 0.05) improvements in TTF, Wmax and LT in both groups, citrate synthase activity in the alkaline group and VO2peak in the placebo group. Improvements were also seen in citrate synthase activity in the placebo group and VO2peak in the alkaline group, however these did not reach significance (P = 0.089 and 0.066 respectively).Despite these significant changes within groups in response to training, there were no significant differences between groups.

    Discussion

    Both training groups showed substantial changes in performance and physiological measures following the training period, however, suppressing exercise-induced acidosis during training did not significantly improve mitochondrial adaptations or performance in comparison to the placebo condition. However, there was a large degree of individual variation in the response and there were trends towards greater adaptations when exercise-induced acidosis was attenuated.

  • 121.
    Hedlund, Anja
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Träningsanläggningars arbete med att inkluderahörselskadade och döva i verksamheternasgruppträning2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    AimThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether training facilities require that the group leaders had some form of education directed towards the disabled, hearing impaired and deaf. The aim was also to investigate whether, and if so, how training centers worked to include the hearing impaired and deaf in business classes.MethodThe study was based on a quantitative survey questionnaire procedure with both open and closed questions. Of the 33 training centers who were included in the study, questionnaire was sent out to 20 pieces, of these 14 participants answered the questionnaire. Polls was created in Google Forms and sent by email to 20 training facilities officers in Central Sweden. Before the questionnaire was sent out to the participants, a pilot study with five people who were asked to answer the questionnaire and read the information letter, was conducted. Processing and analysis of the collected data was done in Microsoft Excel 2013. The results of the closed questions was presented in the chart while the open questions answers have been read through, categorized and then reported in the running text.ResultsThe results of the study showed that six out of 14 participants believed that the group training at their center is designed for hearing-impaired and deaf people's participation. When the result of the aids/adaptations used in group training result was that six plants do not use any adjustments/aids at all. No facility uses audio loop or interpreter. One center used sign language, seven centers used mirrors where participants could see the group leader, two facilities used flashing lights and four plants cruised in response option (Other). The results showed that one out of 14 centers used vibrations through the floor to illustrate music's pace, and six out of 14 responded that all adaptations were used in all workouts.ConclusionsThe results showed that only one of the respondents fitness facilities require group leaders to have an education directed to the disabled, while none of the facilities require group leaders to have an education directed to the hearing-impaired and deaf. The results also showed that some of the training facilities had adaptations/aids so hearing impaired and deaf people can more easily participate in group training. The study's results suggest that more could be doneto facilitate participation in group training sessions and through the training of the group leaders, and by using various adaptations and aids.

  • 122.
    Helander, Viktor
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies.
    Förebyggande åtgärder för att undvika kramp i samband med fysisk aktivitet2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 123.
    Hellberg, Johan
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Förekomsten av viktminskning inom SvenskaJudolandslaget2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    PurposeExamine the prevalence of weight loss in the Swedish judo national team and which weight loss strategy is most frequently used, rapid or gradual.MethodA quantitative method theory was used. Data were collected through a web based questionnaire containing 10 structured questions that were sent by e-mail to the athletes in the Swedish judo national team. The targeted population consisted of the national teams three age groups; U18, U21 and senior which made a total of 45 individuals, therefore a total survey was elected in the selection.ResultsOf 45 surveyed participants 35 respondents answered the questionnaire which made a response rate of 77,0%. The number om respondents who use or have used weight loss strategies was 94,3%. It was common (33,3%) that respondents fluctuated weight more than 10 times per year and to reduce their body weight between 2-3kg (27,2%). The most common source of knowledge to weight loss was judo coaches (57,6%) and the most common weight loss method was a gradual approach (57,5%)Conclusions The results shows that weight loss was common among athletes in the Swedish judo national team, regardless of age category. The most commonly used weight loss method was gradual weigh loss Judo trainers was the most common source of knowledge about weight loss To fluctuate bodyweight was very usual There’s a need for educational programs that address the effect weight loss can have on performance and health for the athlete.

  • 124.
    Helmersson, Stina
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Förekomsten av aggressionsnivå bland utövare i sporterna simning, thaiboxning och slalom2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    The purpose of the study was to investigate if the aggression levels differs between the sports swimming, thaiboxing and slalom skiing. There is no knowledge of aggression levels in these sports in a Swedish context.

    Method

    Quantitative method was used for data collection in the study and 66 questionnaires were distributed to men and women in swimming, thaiboxing and slalom skiing. A validated questionnaire, The Aggression Questionnaire (AQ), was translated into Swedish. The factors that were investigated in the questionnaire were verbal aggression, anger, hostility and physical aggression and the questionnaire included 29 statements. In total, 65 participants answered the questionnaire and the response rate was 98 %. Descriptive statistics were used to investigate differences in aggression levels, gender, age and sport. The age of the participants was divided into three categories, under 20, from 20-29 and over 30.

    Results

    The results showed that there were significant differences in aggression levels between the different sports. The aggression levels were highest in slalom and lowest in swimming. In addition, the results showed that there is a gender difference between women and men and men had higher aggression. In total, the men in slalom had the highest levels of aggression while the women in swimming had the lowest levels. The women in thaiboxing had the highest levels of aggression among all women. Finally, the results showed that the aggression levels were lowest among those over 30 years.

    Conclusions

    This study shows that there are differences in aggression levels among sports swimming, thaiboxing and slalom, and that there are gender differences. Men in slalom skiing had the highest levels of aggression while the women in swimming had the lowest. The conclusion is that in sports with high level of aggression it is beneficial to discuss and learn how to deal with the aggression.

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  • 125.
    Hermansson, Josefine
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Stolpe, Amanda
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Analys av skottstatistik från de tre främsta herrfotbollsligorna i Europa: La Liga, Premier League och Serie A2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The aim of the study is to investigate the two topteams and two bottomteams scoring statistics from the three top soccer leagues in Europe during the 2016/2017 season. From which zone are the shots taken which results in goals? From which zone are the shots taken on the goal, but do not result in goals? From which zone are the shots taken that end up outside the goal? From which zone are the shots taken that are blocked by opponents?

    Methods: A quantitative method was used where data was obtained from a website called www.squawka.com. A total of 456 matches from six top teams and six bottom teams were analyzed from the leagues Serie A, La Liga and Premier League during the 2016/2017 season. A template was used to analyze in which zones the shots was taken. The data was analyzed with Chi square crosstab post-hoc test.

    Results: Both groups scored the most goals from shots taken within the penalty area. These zones also saw the highest rate of shots on goal, but did not result in goals were taken. At shots that ended up outside the goal, both the top teams and the bottom teams took the most shots centrally, outside the penalty area, where the top team also took a large part of the shooting center inside the penalty area. At a shot blocked by opponents, both the top teams and the bottom teams took most shots centrally outside the penalty area, where a large proportion was taken within the penalty area.

    Conclusions: The study revealed major similarities between the top and bottom teams during the 2016/2017 season, where it was shown that the top team took more total shots over the season and the highest number of shots that resulted in goals. Both groups mostly took the shot at the center of the plane, where the zones within the penalty area are proved to be the most effective zone for goal creation. Through this knowledge of the top team and the bottom team's shot statistics, important attack patterns emerge which may be used for coaches in the higher leagues. Trainers can tactically draw their own players to take shots from the effective zones to increase the chances of scoring goals. The statistics may also be used by teams to plan effective defense-stategies.

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  • 126.
    Hildensjö, Maya
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Örtlund, Emelie
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Seniorers motivation till den fysiskaaktivitetsformen styrketräning: En kvalitativ studie om seniorers motivationsfaktorer2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose:

    The purpose with this essay is to study the different factors that affect older adults motivation to perform the physical activity strength training.

    Method:

    In the study interviews where used as method to collect data. There was a total of 10 people with 6 where men and 4 women. The interviews where recorded with a smartphone and transcribed. The transcripts become the material for the results and basis for the study. Time and date for the interviews was chosen by the participants and both the writers was present in every interview. Analysis work was performed with help of the model for interpretive phenomenological analysis. (IPA)

    Results:

    The results show that several motivational factors work together to make seniors perform the physical activity form strenght training regularly. The factors which is considered important for older adults is lifestyle, physically well-being, self determination and social interactions. An unexpected aspect was that appearance represented a large part of older adults motivation. Social interactions mainly affected the individuals to get to the fitness center and not the actual training session. Motivation is individual, several factors work together to maintain motivation for regulary activity.

    Conclusion:

    Older adults motivation for the physical activity strength training are affected by several different factors. The motivations factors that emerge may change over time but can

    also be permanent. Several different factors work together to maintain a persons individual motivation. What is interesting with the study is that participants mentions appearance and the surroundings positive reactions as a contributing factor for increased motivation. It is also difficult to demonstrate how social interactions can increase the effects of the workout, but this factor seems to be contributing to the participants visiting the training facility. Social interactions are also not particularly relevant during the workout, but are primarily before and after as this factor appears to be contributing for the motivation. The participants in this study seems well-informed in the positive effects of strenght training and concerns research on the subject. It is discussed how the cognitive abilities can be influenced by an active lifestyle, suggesting that participants experience health effects of this form of exercise.

  • 127.
    Hjalmarsson, Clara
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Roligs, Caroline
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Gymaktivas inställning till sin egen träning i förhållande till olika motivationsfaktorer2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Studiens syfte var att undersöka gymaktiva kvinnors motivationsfaktorer och om dessa kan

    vara mer eller mindre positiv för enskilda individer. De motivationsfaktorer studien inriktade

    sig på är tre olika kroppsideal, det utseendemässiga kroppsidealet, funktionella kroppsidealet

    eller hälsomässiga kroppsidealet, som tidigare forskning beskrivit är dessa vanliga

    anledningar till att personer tränar.

    Metoden i studien är en kvalitativ innehållsanalys baserad på individuella intervjuer av 9

    kvinnor i åldrarna 20-30.

    Studiens resultat visade på att de främsta motivationsfaktorerna var att träna för hälsan eller

    för utseendet. Endast en respondent visade sig träna för att få en funktionellt bättre fungerande

    kropp. Vidare framkom att alla motivationsfaktorerna hade positiv inverkan på måendet, dock

    visade det sig också att de som tränade för det utseendemässiga kroppsidealet kände en del

    negativa aspekter som t.ex. mer press än vad de som tränade för det hälsomässiga

    kroppsidealet gjorde. Samtliga respondenter kände att motivationen gick i perioder vilket

    tyder på att motivationsfaktorn inte verkar ha en inverkan på motivationsgraden

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  • 128.
    Holmberg, Hans-Christer
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap.
    Swarén, Mikael
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap.
    Tekniken som analyserar eliten2008In: Skidsport, no 2, p. 36-38Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 129. Högman, Marieann
    et al.
    Wedholm, Lars
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare, Sport and Health Science. Falun Hospital, Falun, Region Dalarna.
    Carlsson, Tomas
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare, Sport and Health Science.
    Carlsson, Magnus
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare, Sport and Health Science.
    Tonkonogi, Michail
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare, Medical Science.
    Differences in nitric oxide airway diffusion after maximum oxygen uptake test in asthmatic and nonasthmatic elite junior cross-country skiers2021In: ERJ Open Research, E-ISSN 2312-0541, Vol. 7, no 1, article id 00378-2020Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Asthma is common in cross-country skiers and is often treated with ß2-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Exhaled nitric oxide is often used to guide ICS treatment in asthma. This study investigated the change in the pulmonary NO dynamics before and after a maximum oxygen uptake (V̇O2-max) test.An extended NO analysis was performed among Swedish elite junior cross-country skiers (n=25), with and without declared asthma, before and after a V̇O2-max test using roller skis. Asthma was declared by six boys and two girls among whom five occasionally used ICS.There were no differences in the baseline NO parameters between those with and without declared asthma. The diffusion capacity over airway wall (DawNO) was 21 (17,25) mL·s−1 (median, quartiles), which is much increased for this age group. After the V̇O2-max test, there were statistically significant differences from the baseline fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO50), NO-flux from airways, DawNO and alveolar NO values; but not in the NO content in airway wall (CawNO) for all subjects together as one group. However, in the asthma group, differences were only seen in the FENO50 and in CawNO.Interestingly, a majority of the subjects had an increase in the DawNO. An increase in DawNO has been found with allergic asthma together with elevated CawNO. The skiers did not have elevated CawNO, which indicates an absence of inflammation in the airway wall. Modelling of lung NO production clearly shows that the asthma among our skiers is distinct from the allergic asthma in non-athletes.

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  • 130. Högman, Marieann
    et al.
    Wedholm, Lars
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare, Sport and Health Science.
    Carlsson, Tomas
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare, Sport and Health Science.
    Carlsson, Magnus
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare, Sport and Health Science.
    Tonkonogi, Michail
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare, Medical Science.
    Längdskidåkare med eller utan astmadiagnos har ökad diffusion för NO från luftrören2021Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 131.
    Högnelid, Gabriel
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare.
    Den akuta effekten på vristskottprecisionen hos pojkfotbollsspelare efter en teoretisk och praktisk workshop2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    SyfteSyftet med studien var att undersöka om en teoretisk och praktisk workshop i skottprecision har någon akut effekt på vristskottprecisionen med liggande och rullande boll hos pojkfotbollsspelare. Vidare syftade studien till att undersöka om vristskottprecisionen hos pojkfotbollsspelare skiljer sig åt vid avslut på liggande eller rullande boll.MetodPojkfotbollsspelare 15,0 ± 0,3 år rekryterades till att delta i en undersökning kring skottprecision. Varje deltagare utförde ett test med 40 vristskott, 20 skott respektive med liggande (LB) och rullande boll (RB) fördelat på fem mot varje måltavla med en förutbestämd ordning. Måltavlornas placering i höjd och sidled motsvarade hörnen i ett elvamannamål. Den sammanlagda skottprecisionen (SM) för LB och RB utgjordes av medelvärdet av skottens avvikelse från centrum på måltavlan. Baserat på resultatet från första testomgången delades spelarna in i en kontrollgrupp och en interventionsgrupp. Deltagarna genomförde samma test två veckor senare med skillnaden att interventionsgruppen fick en workshop i skottprecision innan testet.ResultatDet fanns ingen signifikant skillnad i skottprecision mellan kontroll- och interventionsgruppen för LB eller RB eller mellan LB och RB vid första testtillfället (båda p > 0,05). Inom interventionsgruppen fanns det mellan första och andra testet en signifikant skillnad vid både SM (p = 0,022) och LB (p = 0,047) men inte RB (p > 0,05). Ingen signifikant skillnad inom kontrollgruppen fanns avseende SM, LB eller RB (alla p > 0,05).SlutsatserEfter genomförd workshopen kunde ingen signifikant skillnad påvisas mellan grupp eller LB och RB dock återfanns en signifikant skillnad av skottprecisionen inom interventionsgruppen vid både SM och LB.

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  • 132.
    Högström, Elina
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Erkers, Lena
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Makronutrienter, energiintag och återhämtning - områden där unga idrottare behöver mer kunskap: En studie om kostkunskaper hos specialidrottslärare och elever på svenska riksidrottsgymnasium2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate nutrition knowledge of coaches and students in endurance sports at Swedish national gymnasium.MethodsA validated questionnaire was used to investigate what nutrition knowledge students and coaches have. The questionnaire contained 79 questions divided into five cluster focusing on different topics about nutrition. Approved results required at least 60 correct answers. In order to compare the results from the survey and nutrition knowledge of coaches and students the ”Χ2-test for independence” was used. The statistical significance level was determined at <0,05.ResultsThe total number of participants was 68 students and 11 coaches. The result from this study show that the nutrition knowledge between coaches and students are different. Coaches have overall significantly better nutrition knowledge than the students (X2 = 9,7; p = 0,0018). The result in the different clusters shows that coaches have significantly better nutrition knowledge than the students in two of five clusters. Depending on which grade the students attend, some differences in nutrition knowledge can be seen where grade 3+4 have significantly larger proportion of students with approved results (X2 = 5,3; p = 0,021).Conclusions Based on the results from this study the conclusion is that two-thirds of the students who answered the questionnaire did not reach the approved level of nutrition knowledge. Of the coaches, four fifths reached the approved level of nutrition knowledge. It is especially about macronutrients, energy intake and recovery the students show low nutrition knowledge.

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  • 133.
    Hörnberg, Jonathan
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Slagens påverkan på accelerationer hos huvudet vid lågintensiv sparring hos tävlande ungdomsboxare2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the translational and rotational accelerations from head impacts during low intensity sparring bouts among competitive teen boxers and how they are affected by punch velocity, acceleration, punch type, impact locations and a defending guard.MethodsFour male competitive teen boxers in the -60 kg and -77 kg weight classes participated in the study. Mouthguard accelerometers (Hybrid Mouthguard, Prevent Biometrics, USA) and wrist accelerometers (Corner Wearables Ltd. U.K.) were equipped to measure the accelerations to the head as well as the punch velocity and punch accelerations. The test battery included 15 minutes of individually chosen warm-ups and two sparring rounds at three minutes each at an intensity of 50 %. Pearson’s correlation test was used to examine the relationships between variables and independent-samples t-test was used to compare means.ResultsA strong correlation was found between translational acceleration and rotational acceleration (r = 0,750) (p < 0,001). No significant relationship was found between the translational and rotational accelerations of a clean punch to the head and a punch to the guard (t = -0,09, p = 0,93 (t = -0,80, p = 0,43).ConclusionsNo significant relationship between punch velocity and translational accelerations or between punch velocity and rotational accelerations of punches to the head. This result emphasizes the need of defensive movements to further avoid the risks of punches to the head. There was a strong correlation between translational accelerations and rotational acceleration. The kinematic properties of the head impacts could indicate potential injuries to the head during sparring even at lower intensities. Even though none of the impacts surpassed the 25 % probability threshold for brain injury, more extensive research is needed to evaluate the potential risks of sub concussive impacts.

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  • 134.
    Isaksson, Mattias
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies.
    Individen i den växande storstaden: Parkers och grönområdens betydelse för hälsan2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 135.
    Isberg, Jenny
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för idrott och hälsa.
    Viljan till fysisk aktivitet: En intervention avsedd att stimulera ungdomar att bli fysiskt aktiva2009Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Jenny Isberg (2009): Viljan till fysisk aktivitet – en intervention avsedd att stimulera ungdomar att bli fysiskt aktiva. Örebro Studies in Sport Sciences 6, 141 pp.

    Physical education (PE) at school may play an important role in the process of becoming physically active in the adolescence and in developing a physically active lifestyle. The opportunities for teachers to provide positive physical activity experiences to the student population extend regularly over the school terms. For some students, PE can be the only opportunity they have to be physically active. Therefore it is important that the students become motivated to practice physical activity and know the purpose with physical activity. The overall purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the possibilities to motivate youth, 12-16 years old, to practice physical activity and hopefully to stimulate them to continue to be physically active in young adulthood. The sample consisted of 122 Swedish compulsory school students (12-16 years old), 51 girls and 71 boys, who were either physically inactive, physically active but not formal members of sport clubs, or physically active and members of a sport club. They used a self-monitoring instrument to describe their physical activity and we compared their self-reported physical activity with their actual VO2 capacity and physical status. The self-monitoring instrument was further validated against an activity monitor, RT3. The intervention lasted one and a half years, and four to five years later a follow-up study was done. Using a quasi-experimental design, the three groups of participants were compared with youths who did not use the self-monitoring instrument. The main findings were that the associations between the accelerometer counts and the activities the students recorded in the self-monitoring instrument were high. The participants  in Group 1 (physically inactive) continued exercising nearly to the same extent as during the intervention while youths in a matched control group did not develop regular physical activity habits. Concerning Group 2 (exercisers), participants in the intervention group were more physically active both during the intervention and at follow-up, compared with a matched control group of exercisers who did not use the self-monitoring instrument. In Group 3 (sport team members), there was no difference between the intervention group and a matched control group after the intervention or at follow-up. 

    The conclusion of these main findings was that when someone motivates students to continue being physically active and to change their physical activity patterns in a positive direction, the self-monitoring instrument can be a door-opener for youths who are physically inactive or regularly active outside sports clubs.

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  • 136.
    Isberg, Jenny
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Carlsson, Magnus
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Carlsson, Tomas
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Effekten av en träningsintervention avseende kvinnliga elitfotbollsspelares bredsidespassningsprecision och deras uppfattning om sin tekniska färdighet2018Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 137.
    Isberg, Jenny
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Grundén, Helena
    Dalarna University, School of Education and Humanities, Mathematics Education.
    Kvalitet i undervisning - med fokus på förmågor2012Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Skolans huvudsakliga uppdrag är lärande (Utbildningsdepartementet, 2010) och läraren är den enskilt viktigaste faktorn för elevernas kunskaper (Hattie, 2009). Skolinspektionens nationella granskningar av undervisningen i matematik samt idrott och hälsa visar att undervisningen inte bedrivs i enlighet med styrdokumenten. I matematik framkom att många lärare inte är medvetna om kursplanens innebörd och att undervisningen präglas av enskilt räknande i läroböcker (Skolinspektionen, 2009). I idrott och hälsa visade det sig att undervisningen inte följer den bredd av aktiviteter som kursplanen anger och att det var ett fåtal aktiviteter, så som bollspel och bollekar, som dominerade lektionerna och att hälsoperspektivet nästan inte alls förekom (Skolinspektionen, 2010). Som ett led i att förbättra kvaliteten i undervisningen lyfts i Lgr11 ämnesspecifika förmågor fram som långsiktiga mål som eleverna ska ges möjlighet att utveckla (Skolverket, 2011). Bakgrunden till två projekt som genomförs med lärare i matematik samt idrott och hälsa i två kommuner är en tanke om att en förutsättning för att undervisning utifrån de långsiktiga målen ska kunna ske är att de lärare som planerar och genomför undervisningen förstår innebörden av de ämnesspecifika förmågorna, samt att en ökad medvetenhet om dessa ska öka kvaliteten i undervisningen. Projekten inleddes med en undersökning av lärares uppfattningar och kunskaper om de ämnesspecifika förmågorna och hur kursplanens delar förhåller sig till varandra. Resultaten av dessa undersökningar visar att lärare i de båda ämnena är osäkra både på förmågornas innebörd och hur kursplanens delar förhåller sig till varandra. Många lärare har heller inte förstått förmågornas roll vid planering av undervisning.

  • 138.
    Isberg, Jenny
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Larsson, Hed Kerstin
    Dalarna University, School of Education and Humanities, Natural Science.
    Bjerneby Häll, Maria
    Dalarna University, School of Education and Humanities, Mathematics Education.
    Förskolor som miljöer för ett omsorgsfullt lärande med fokus på matematik, naturvetenskap och teknik2012Conference paper (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    Hur kan miljöer i förskolan utformas för att stimulera till lärande i matematik, naturvetenskap och teknik? Vilka förutsättningar för barns utveckling och lärande ger olika miljöer?

    I ett pågående forskningsprojekt studeras hur olika förskolemiljöer på olika sätt kan bidra till att utveckla barns lärande i matematik, naturvetenskap och teknik. Miljö innefattar den fysiska miljön, de material barn har tillgång till i lek för att bygga, skapa och konstruera och för att lära genom att upptäcka, undersöka och pröva olika lösningar, hur rum används och verksamheten organiseras, såväl inomhus som utomhus.

    Projektet är mångvetenskapligt både till sin karaktär och med avseende på forskare knutna till projektet. Matematik, naturvetenskap och teknik i förskolan har nära kopplingar till andra målområden, som språkutveckling, skapande och värdegrundsfrågor. Med kunskaper om bl.a. biologi, energi och materia får människor också redskap för att kunna bidra till en hållbar utveckling. Förskolan ska enligt Lpfö 98/10 medverka till att barn tillägnar sig ett varsamt förhållningssätt till natur och miljö. Ett omsorgsfullt lärande kan på så sätt även bidra till att barn utvecklar en omsorgsfull relation till naturen och miljön.

     Fokus för undersökningen är i vilken utsträckning den fysiska och pedagogiska miljön ger barn förutsättningar att möta matematik, naturvetenskap och teknik i olika sammanhang, på ett varierat sätt och genom olika uttrycksformer. Variation är ett nyckelbegrepp och syftar både på variation mellan förskolor som miljöer för lärande, och variation inom en förskola som miljö för lärande. 

    Seminariet bygger på forskning och det pågående projektet om förskolemiljöer. Konkreta exempel på analys av data från undersökningen, bl.a. i form av fotografier hämtade från olika förskolor, presenteras under seminariet.

     

  • 139.
    Isberg, Jenny
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Larsson, Hed Kerstin
    Dalarna University, School of Education and Humanities, Natural Science.
    Bjerneby Häll, Maria
    Dalarna University, School of Education and Humanities, Mathematics Education.
    Miljöer för små barns lärande i matematik, naturvetenskap och teknik2012Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Miljöns betydelse för barns lärande framhålls av forskare (Sheridan, Pramling Samuelsson & Johansson, 2009). I läroplanen (Lpfö 98/2010) understryks vikten av att miljön är öppen, innehållsrik och inbjudande. Med miljö syftas här på vilka material barn har tillgång till i lek, för att bygga, skapa och konstruera och för att lära genom att upptäcka, undersöka och pröva olika lösningar, hur rum används och verksamheten organiseras såväl utomhus som inomhus. Persson (2008) konstaterar att det finns förvånansvärt lite forskning om barns lärande i matematik och naturvetenskap och om den fysiska miljöns betydelse för lärande i förskolan, och han hänvisar till forskare som menar att de rumsliga och fysiska förutsättningarna för barns lärande inte tagits i beaktande i pedagogisk forskning. Barns aktiva lärande sker med hela kroppen och det är genom kroppen och sinnena som människan upplever olika fenomen (Merleau-Ponty, 1962). I sin studie av småbarns möten med matematik visar Björklund (2007) att barn använder sin kropp som utgångspunkt, barnets kroppsliga upplevelser och erfarenheter utgör grunden för förståelse av företeelser i omvärlden.

    I föreliggande mångvetenskapliga forskningsprojekt1 studeras förskolemiljöer med fokus på i vilken utsträckning den fysiska och pedagogiska miljön ger barn förutsättningar att möta matematik, naturvetenskap och teknik i olika sammanhang och på olika sätt. Resultaten hittills har visat på nödvändigheten av att även rikta uppmärksamhet mot pedagogerna i förhållande till förskolans fysiska och pedagogiska miljö. Det är pedagogen som är ansvarig för miljön, skapare av miljön, och därmed den som påverkar det lärande, lärandets innehåll och form, som möjliggörs i miljön. Thulin (2011) beskriver i sin avhandling pedagogen som iscensättare av en pedagogisk miljö som kan möjliggöra barns lärande i naturvetenskap. Pedagogen är samtidigt den som kan berätta om de resonemang som förs och motiv som finns till att miljön utformats på ett visst sätt. Den genomförda datainsamlingen har också tydliggjort behovet av att fördjupa studien genom återkommande kontakter och besök i samma förskolemiljöer, samt nödvändigheten av att samtala med pedagoger ansvariga för miljöns utformning och för förändringar i den fysiska miljön. Variation är ett nyckelbegrepp och syftar både på variation mellan förskolor, variation inom en förskola, och variation med avseende på lärandets objekt.

  • 140.
    Isberg, Jenny
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Ribic, Ibro
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Brorsson, Sofia
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Träningen som ger spelarna knäkontroll2013In: Svensk Idrottsforskning: Organ för Centrum för Idrottsforskning, ISSN 1103-4629, no 4, p. 25-27Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 141.
    Jackson, Joakim
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Westin, Viktor
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Svenska ishockeyspelares väg till professionell nivå: Vad kännetecknar framgångsrika manliga hockeyspelare i form av deltagande inom TV-pucken, U/J-landslag, studier vid Riksidrottsgymnasium – en studie med fokus på utvecklingsbana och ålderseffekt2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    The purpose with this essay is to identify the differences between professional Swedish male

    hockey players from the 2017/2018 season which have played in the NHL, SHL and HA. The

    compression consists of looking at the differences in participation concerning TV-pucken,

    youth- and junior national-teams and studies at RIG. Furthermore, it refers to explore if there

    is any sign of Relative Age Effect (RAE) among the participants.

    Methods

    In this essay a statistical investigation has been done. The information has been collected from

    different websites with open registers. Eliteprospects and SCB is the biggest sources of

    information for the investigation.

    Results

    By a quantitative investigation concerning participation in TV-pucken, youth-and junior

    national-teams and studies at RIG results has been produced. From that it´s visible that the

    NHL is the league which have the most participants in the examined contexts based on

    percentage. Furthermore, the SHL have a bigger percentage which have participated in the

    examined contexts then HA, with exception for TV-pucken where the results where similar.

    The issue concerning RAE shows indications of it in SHL and HA, but not in the NHL when

    looking at the selected group. Also, performed where Chi-2 tests that where compared to a

    significance level of 0.05 which means a critical value of 7,82 or 3,64 depending on if two or

    four variables parted in the calculation. Out of fifteen tests, eight of them showed out to be

    statistically significant.

    Conclusion

    By the results which have been brought out its visible that there are statistical significant

    differences between the examined leagues. To be able the reach professional level there is a

    clear advantage to participate in the examined contexts, especially if a possibility to play in

    the NHL will appear. Also, it shows signs of RAE in the SHL and HA, though a study on a

    larger group of individuals performing different sport would give the possibility to generalize

    the group of professional athletes.

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  • 142. Jacobsson, Martin
    et al.
    Willén, Jonas
    Swarén, Mikael
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare, Sport and Health Science.
    A Drone-mounted Depth Camera-based Motion Capture System for Sports Performance Analysis2023In: Artificial Intelligence in HCI: Proceedings 4th International Conference, AI-HCI 2023, Held as Part of the 25th HCI International Conference, HCII 2023 / [ed] Helmut Degen, Stavroula Ntoa, Springer Nature, 2023, p. 489-503Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Video is the most used tool for sport performance analysis as it provides a common reference point for the coach and the athlete. The problem with video is that it is a subjective tool. To overcome this, motion capture systems can used to get an objective 3D model of a person’s posture and motion, but only in laboratory settings. Unfortunately, many activities, such as most outdoor sports, cannot be captured in a lab without compromising the activity. In this paper, we propose to use an aerial drone system equipped with depth cameras, AI-based marker-less motion capture software to perform automatic skeleton tracking and real-time sports performance analysis of athletes. We experiment with off-the-shelf drone systems, miniaturized depth cameras, and commercially available skeleton tracking software to build a system for analyzing sports-related performance of athletes in their real settings. To make this a fully working system, we have conducted a few initial experiments and identified many issues that still needs to be addressed.

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  • 143.
    Jansson, David
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Hammar, Karl
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Ledarbeteenden och ledaregenskaper hos manligarespektive kvinnliga fotbollslag: Observationer av ledarbeteenden hos fotbollstränare samtenkätstudie om ledarbeteenden och ledaregenskaper somfotbollsspelare uppskattar2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    The aims of this study where to investigate appreciated leadership behaviors and leadership characteristics at male and female football players and observe leadership behaviors at coaches in male and female football teams.

    Methods

    The study emanated from mixed methods. The method consisted of surveys that football players participated in through the ranking of ten leadership behaviors and ten leadership characteristics and open questions to motivate. Observations were performed at five football coaches by using the Arizona State Observation Instrument (ASOI) and other notes.

    Results

    Honest and Instructing where the most appreciated leadership behavior at the men’s teams. Engaging and Fair was the most appreciated leadership characteristic at the men’s teams. Social support as well as Calm was the least appreciated leadership behavior at the men’s teams. Previous experiences and Conscious work injury prevention was the least appreciated leadership characteristic at the men’s teams. Feedback, Instructing and Positive and social was the most appreciated leadership behavior at the ladies’ teams. Engaging, Ability to teach and Developing players for next step was the most appreciated leadership characteristic at the ladies’ teams. Social support and Open with feelings was the least appreciated leadership behavior at the ladies’ teams. Emotional intelligence and Previous experience was where the least appreciated leadership characteristic at the ladies’ teams. Feedback during exercise without breaks and Verbal words, make them do / work better, was the most observant leadership behaviors of the coaches from the men’s teams. Feedback during exercise without breaks and Praise was the leadership behavior who were observed at the female team’s head coaches. Other notes showed big differences in leadership behaviors between the men’s and the ladies’ teams head coaches.

    Conclusions

    The study’s conclusions showed that the men’s teams estimate more goal orientated leaders while the women’s teams appreciated a mix of goal orientated leaders and relationship orientated leaders. Similarities and differences where observed between the men and women’s teams on which leadership behavior and leadership characteristic where most / least appreciated. The main coach of the men and the women showed quite big differences between

    each other. Further studies with larger selection would give greater opportunities to draw more general conclusions.

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  • 144.
    Johansson, Emil
    Dalarna University, School of Health and Welfare, Sport and Health Science.
    An Analytical Toolbox for Research on Reflection2023In: Quest (National Association for Physical Education in Higher Education), ISSN 0033-6297, E-ISSN 1543-2750, Vol. 75, no 4, p. 237-252Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article presents a theoretical approach and an analytical toolbox for researchers on reflections in PE and PETE. Its purpose is to provide an approach to analyzing how reflections are composed. Previous research mainly asks how teachers and student teachers (STs) reflect and use different theoretical concepts to describe the way in which they reflect. The use of the analytical toolbox, as described in this paper, examines how the reflections of teachers and STs have different parts that are influenced by the direction – within a given context – of their gaze and focus on teaching. Their experiences and reflections are affected by the contexts, which influence the forward-moving spiral of the development of their professional judgment. Using a recontextualized version of Wackerhausen’s (2009) theory as an analytical toolbox in research, as proposed in this article, can contribute to more nuanced descriptions of teachers’ and STs’ reflections on teaching in PE.

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  • 145.
    Johansson, Magnus
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies.
    Simningen är mest avgörande för prestationen i triathlon: Grenarnas inverkan på prestationen i triathlon på Ironmandistans2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 146.
    Johnsson, Oliver
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Effekten av fysisk träning på e-sportprestation2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical exercise on different skills that affect e-sports performance for e-sportsmen at amateur level in the game Overwatch. This is to gain knowledge about how e-sports training could be developed and streamlined.

    Methods

    The study is of the explorative research type since it deals with a topic that haven’t previously been broadly investigated. The method used was a quantitative exploratory method. The design was an intervention study.

    Results

    The study has not been able to demonstrate that skills affecting e-sports performance have changed through physical training. However, it is possible to read that the study participants who received the training intervention are more susceptible to and aware of changes in these skills compared to the study participants in the control group.

    Conclusions

    The purpose of the study has not been answered because the design was inadequate. However, the study may form the basis for further research. A number of important basic assumptions have been identified during the work. Based on these lessons a discussion took place, about how design deficiencies can be addressed and what is important to consider in future studies in the field.

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  • 147.
    Justin, Olivia
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Sportmedias uppmärksamhet av Damsenior – VM och Herrjunior – VM inom ishockey i tidningarna Svenska Dagbladet och Aftonbladet2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    The purpose of the study was to investigate how much attention Junior - World Championship in ice hockey for men, December 2013 – January 2014, and Senior World Championships in ice hockey for women, March - April 2015, got in the newspapers Aftonbladet and Svenska Dagbladet. The number of articles and photographs published on the two world championships were compared. Furthermore, the study aimed to investigate whether there was any trivialization and/or sexual aspect in the preparation of athletes in both image and text. The articles localization in both newspapers was also noted.

    Method

    In this study a mixed methodology of both qualitative and quantitative nature was used. A selection of the papers to be compared in the study was made, where one of the criteria was that newspapers would represent a daily newspaper and a tabloid paper. Data collection for both Junior - World Championship and Women - World Championship started two weeks before and went on during the World Championship and also for six days after. During this period, only articles that concerned Junior - World Championship or Women - World Championship were counted. Then the articles sizes were recorded, followed by a content analysis of all the articles which concerned Junior - and Women - World Championship.

    Results

    The Junior - World Championship was noted for 88 articles and 133 images compared with the Woman - World Championship which were noted with 25 articles and 24 images in the two newspapers. The biggest differences were found in the tabloid newspaper, Women - World Championship got lesser attention compared to the Junior - World Championship. Furthermore the localization of the articles on Women – World Championship was noted in the newspapers later parts and the Junior – World Championship in the newspapers first pages.

    Conclusion

    In this study it was found that female seniors in the World Championships of 2015 got lesser attention in sports media compared to the male juniors in the World Championships of 2014 in ice hockey. Even previous research by Godoy – Pressland (2013) has noted that it is common that female athletes are underrepresented in sports media. Even though than this study compared the male juniors with female seniors, it was found that the female seniors in

    the world championships was underrepresented in sports media. According to Ponterotto (2014) it is also common, in sports media, that female athletes are trivialized and exposed in a sexual way. However no such results were found in this study.

  • 148.
    Kaipainen, Ida
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Johansson, Jakob
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Kroppens form och utseende: betydelsen för utövare på gym2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    The purpose of this assignment was to examine what meaning the body’s shape and form has on an active person who works out in gym.

    Method

    We have used a survey as our method in this assignment to get the results. The people that we have asked to answer the survey are 51 individuals, between 18- 65 years old that lives in a medium-sized Swedish town. All of these women and men are regularly working out at a gym.

    Result

    The results of this survey have shown that those who has work outed for over two years, feels satisfied with their body shape in a wider perspective then those who have trained less then two years and that age do not play a big part of it. Men are in general more satisfied with their bodies than women are. Men also work out more hours per week then women.

    The result also shows that older people are more satisfied with their bodies then younger but the younger in a large perspective have become more or less satisfied with their bodies after they started working out. The younger generation put a lot more focus on how other people’s bodies look and how their own shape look.

    Another result this survey have had were that far from everybody who visited the gym feel at home there, but most of them have become more satisfied with themselves after they have gone to the gym more regularly, especially those who have done it over two years’ time.

    Conclusion

    Many but still far from everybody that work out at a gym feels at home there, however many who do work out regularly feel more satisfied with themselves. Age play a small part in it all, older people care far less about their body in comparison with the younger generations. Gender also seems to play a part of the comparison as men feels more satisfied with their bodies than women do. Men tends to have more and longer workout sessions at the gym.

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  • 149.
    Karimyan, Harde
    et al.
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Abouzeedan, Sara
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Sport and Health Science.
    Användning av instruktioner, feedbackfrågeställningsteknik och träningsövningar blandungdomsfotbollstränare.: En fallstudie utifrån teorierna Teaching Games for Understandingoch Enhanced Guided Discovery2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    There are different theories that implement teaching soccer in different ways. Enhance

    Guided Discovery and Teaching Games for Understanding are two theories that have a more

    playing approach than the traditional coaching model which is more isolated. Studies have

    been showing that elite football players today have been doing less isolated exercises and

    more competition specific training.

    Aim

    The aim of this study was to look at soccer coaches for the younger ages 15-17 years and

    specifically look at their way to give instructions, feedback, question technique and how they

    choose exercises to develop their players.

    Method

    For this study, we chose observation and interview as data collecting methods, and compared

    the results to the different theories. Five coaches have been interviewed and observed once.

    Three coaches were from soccer academies, and two were volunteer coaches.

    Results

    The results showed that it has been a difference between the academy coaches and volunteer

    in the way they behaved during the observation, and how they answered the questions in the

    interview. The academy coaches tended to be more aware of what they where doing in both

    practical and verbal way.

    Conclusion

    The majority of coaches that was included in the study were implementing the theory TGfU

    in their teaching. They chose to do more

    competition specific exercises more than isolated

    exercises

    . The research did also show that the academy coaches were more aware of the

    theories and had it easier on implementing them in their teaching. Therefore, the conclusion

    of the study was that the coaches education is very important to develop soccer players, and

    that the clubs should focus on educating the coaches.

  • 150.
    Karlsson Isgren, Andreas
    Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Educational Work.
    What can digital technology contribute to in outdoor education in Physical Education and Physical Education Teacher Education?2019In: Diversity and Inclusion in Outdoor & Experiential Learning., 2019Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Outdoor education (OE) is surrounded with challenges when positioned in physical education (PE) and physical education teacher education (PETE). Studies of OE in Swedish PE show that it is problematic to achieve goals and intentions in the national PE curriculum.  When OE is implemented in Swedish PE  it is often limited by factors such as the environment, resources, group size, pupils and the teacher's level of knowledge. PE teachers in Sweden have also proved to have difficulty using subject knowledge from PETE in their PE teaching. This relationship points to a need to strengthen the knowledge of how subject content in OE in PETE can influence school PE. 

    Lately, digital technology has come to be an important part in schools and in teacher education in Sweden.  In this paper, we will describe a project which aims to investigate how digital technology is used, and how it can be used, in the context of OE in PE and PETE in Sweden. Increased knowledge of how contemporary processes such as digitalisation can influence educational practices is important in the strive to strengthen the relationship between PE and PETE with regards to OE.  

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