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The chapter traces the parallel histories of two Development Finance Institutions: the Danish Industrialisation Fund for Developing Countries (IFU) founded in 1967 and the Swedish Fund for Industrial Cooperation with Developing Countries (Swedfund) established in 1978. Both institutions, still operating today, have served as an official means by which to promote the increased flow of private capital, trade, and investments between their respective home countries and the Global South. We argue that by increasingly emphasising the role of venture capital, politicians, international organisations, and business leaders have gradually pushed ideas about neoliberal market-based business development to the forefront of national conversations. Venture capital has been discursively constructed as the future of aid - in contrast to implied past naïve failures of Cold War state-sponsored internationalism. In this way the Nordic aid regime on the whole remained largely intact by actively being reconceived as the progressive internationalist face of the competition state rather than, as it once had been, the logical humanitarian extension of redistributive welfare states. © 2025 selection and editorial matter, Jenny Andersson and Chris Howell; individual chapters, the contributors.

Mozambique has the sixth highest prevalence of HIV in the world and ranks fourth in new infections. The government-owned print press Notícias has played an important role in the social construction of HIV and AIDS in the country as it was entrusted with the role of disseminating HIV and AIDS information to the public since the outbreak of the pandemic in the country in 1986. Using Notícias' articles and frame analysis perspective, the article analyses the way Notícias has framed HIV and AIDS in the country since the late 1980s. The choice of media results from the fact that the way a phenomenon is constructed influences the way it is understood, as well as the way people may behave before it. The study found that Notícias' frames on HIV and AIDS have suffered from a threefold tension: the need to maintain the Frelimo government's former centralised and grassroots-orientated socialist ideology of health services in the context of the liberal market; the need to balance the influence of the global multilateral and bilateral actors and the Frelimo government's political interest of translating HIV and AIDS response to the Mozambican context; and the need to portray a nationalist and positive image of the government's performance in HIV and AIDS response before Mozambique's non-fully plausible societal practices for an effective HIV and AIDS response. In a top-down approach, Notícias' frames reflect not only the African post-independence ancillary and nationalist role of government-owned print press but also the power of global actors. Less is done from the societal bottom-up perspective.