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Faktorer som relaterar till sjuksköterskors attityder till psykisk ohälsa hos vuxna– en litteraturöversikt
Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Caring Science/Nursing.
Dalarna University, School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Caring Science/Nursing.
2020 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Psykisk ohälsa är ett växande problem, både nationellt som internationellt. I Sverige har den psykiska ohälsan ökat signifikant de senaste 20 åren. Konsekvensen av detta blir en ökad arbetsbelastning samt långa väntetider. Trots den ökade förekomsten har inte stigmatiseringen kring begreppet minskat. Stigma kan förklaras genom en avvikelse från det normala som kan förklaras genom okunskap, negativa fördomar samt diskriminering mot individer i samhället med psykisk ohälsa. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturöversikt är att beskriva sjuksköterskors attityder till psykisk ohälsa hos vuxna samt faktorer som relaterar till dessa attityder.  Metod: Studien är en litteraturöversikt som baseras på 16 vetenskapliga artiklar. Artiklarna är av kvantitativ, kvalitativ samt mixad-metod ansats. Artiklarna inhämtades från databaserna Cinahl, PubMed samt PsycINFO. Resultat: Resultatet presenteras genom fem kategorier; Negativa fördomar och förutfattade meningar, attityder relaterat till typ av psykisk ohälsa, känsla av ansvar och empati, attityder relaterat till kunskap och erfarenhet, sociokulturella faktorer samt skillnader mellan manliga och kvinnliga sjuksköterskor.  Slutsats: Sjuksköterskans attityd gentemot psykisk ohälsa sågs vara varierande samt påverkades av olika faktorer. De negativa attityder som belystes var distanstiering, isolering samt särbehandling medan de positiva attityder som framträdde baserades på välvilja samt empati. En korrelation med ökad förståelse genom teoretisk eller erfarenhetsbaserad kunskap och positiva attityder påvisades samtidigt som en korrelation mellan etnicitet, religion och genus i relation med negativa attityder belystes.

Abstract [en]

Background: Mental illness is a growing problem, both nationally and internationally. In Sweden, mental illness has increased significantly over the past 20 years. The consequence of this will be an increased workload and long healthcare que. Despite the increased prevalence, the stigma surrounding the concept has not diminished. Stigma can be explained by a deviation from the normal which can be explained by ignorance, negative prejudice and discrimination against individuals in the society with mental illness. Aim: The purpose of the literature review is to describe nurses' attitudes to mental illness in adults as well as factors related to these attitudes. Method: The study is a literature review based on 16 scientific articles. The articles on which the result is based on were of quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods. The articles were collected from the databases Cinahl, PubMed and PsycINFO. Results: The results are presented through five categories; Negative prejudices and preconceived opinions, attitudes related to the type of mental ill health, sense of responsibility and empathy, attitudes related to knowledge and experience, socio-cultural factors and differences between male and female nurses. Conclusion: The nurse's attitude towards mental illness was seen to be varied and influenced by various factors. The negative attitudes that were highlighted were distancing, isolation and special treatment, while the positive attitudes that emerged were based on goodwill and empathy. A correlation with increased understanding through theoretical or experience-based knowledge and positive attitudes was demonstrated at the same time as a correlation between ethnicity, religion and gender in relation to negative attitudes was highlighted.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2020.
Keywords [en]
Attitude, literature review, mental illness, nurse, stigmatization
Keywords [sv]
Attityd, litteraturöversikt, psykisk ohälsa, sjuksköterska, stigmatisering
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:du-33758OAI: oai:DiVA.org:du-33758DiVA, id: diva2:1435281
Available from: 2020-06-04 Created: 2020-06-04 Last updated: 2025-10-09

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