This chapter examines the cultural impact of the captivity of Miguel de Cervantes and Antonio de Sosa in Algiers in the second half of the sixteenth century. It concentrates in particular on the representations and attributes of Islamic marabouts in Sosa’s chronicle Topography of Algiers and their relationship with the Arab narrator Cide Hamete Benengeli in Cervantes’s novel Don Quixote. Marabouts, renowned for their saint-like qualities and multifaceted roles, played a significant role in the multicultural society of Algiers. Both texts were composed during the time of Spanish censorship. Sosa critiques marabouts from a Catholic perspective, whereas Cervantes employs Benengeli to undermine narrative reliability. Both authors use marabouts, or aspects of them, to investigate the fluid cultural boundaries and the intricate dynamics between Islam and Christianity in the context of the conflicts between the Ottoman and Spanish empires.